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Should banks be geographically diversified? Empirical evidence from cross-country diversification of European banks

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  • Andreja Bandelj

Abstract

Using a sample of European bank, this paper investigates the impact of banks' geographic diversification on their cost of equity capital. Examining the geographic diversification of European banks gives an insight on the value of cross-border banking. To measure diversification between major geographic areas in which the bank operates, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, based on revenues generated at home and abroad is constructed for each bank. To address the problem of endogeneity, system generalized method of moments estimator is used. The main finding of the analysis is that, other things equal, more geographic diversified banks have higher cost of equity capital than geographically focused ones. This result implies that the adverse market valuation effect of geographic diversification (increase in agency problem) dominates the positive ones (increase in efficiency and reduction in risk).

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  • Andreja Bandelj, 2016. "Should banks be geographically diversified? Empirical evidence from cross-country diversification of European banks," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(2), pages 143-166, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:eurjfi:v:22:y:2016:i:2:p:143-166
    DOI: 10.1080/1351847X.2014.960978
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    Cited by:

    1. Zamore, Stephen & Beisland, Leif Atle & Mersland, Roy, 2019. "Geographic diversification and credit risk in microfinance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    2. He, Dongwei & Ho, Chun-Yu & Xu, Li, 2020. "Risk and return of online channel adoption in the banking industry," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    3. Kalluru Siva Reddy, 2021. "Are Banks in India Diversified Enough, Geographically, Across States and Economic Sectors?," Review of Development and Change, , vol. 26(1), pages 83-103, June.
    4. Asteriou, Dimitrios & Pilbeam, Keith & Tomuleasa, Iuliana, 2021. "The impact of corruption, economic freedom, regulation and transparency on bank profitability and bank stability: Evidence from the Eurozone area," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 150-177.
    5. Zamore, Stephen, 2018. "Should microfinance institutions diversify or focus? A global analysis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 105-119.

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