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Bootstrap financing and owners’ perceptions of their business constraints and opportunities

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  • Richard B. Carter
  • Howard Van Auken

Abstract

In this paper we present the results of a regional survey of small business entrepreneurs that asked about the use of and motivation for bootstrap financing -- employing resources other than traditional financing to fund operations. Extending the work of Winborg and Landstrom (2000) our results indicate that perceived risk is highly associated with owners’ assessment of the importance of bootstrap financing techniques. We also find that owners who see themselves as having limited ability are more likely to use private owner financing techniques that tend to squeeze all available funds from the owner and those close to him/her. Alternatively, bootstrap financing techniques involving the delay of payments are preferred when risk levels appear highest, while owners in business environments with the most opportunity are more likely to try to minimize accounts receivable. The results of this research can be used by consultants and agencies that assist small firms by acquainting owners with the myriad techniques for funding their companies as well as understanding the factors that often motivate the use of particular techniques. Owners should recognize that they should explore various funding alternatives rather than simply using what they are familiar with or what is readily available.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard B. Carter & Howard Van Auken, 2005. "Bootstrap financing and owners’ perceptions of their business constraints and opportunities," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(2), pages 129-144, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:entreg:v:17:y:2005:i:2:p:129-144
    DOI: 10.1080/08985620500067548
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Brown, Ross & Lee, Neil, 2014. "Funding issues confronting high growth SMEs in the UK," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 57264, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Melissa S. Cardon & Cheryl Mitteness & Richard Sudek, 2017. "Motivational Cues and Angel Investing: Interactions among Enthusiasm, Preparedness, and Commitment," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 41(6), pages 1057-1085, November.
    3. Tia Michelle McDonald & Maria I. Marshall, 2018. "Family Business Responses to Household and Business Cash-Flow Problems," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 39(1), pages 163-176, March.
    4. Mai, Nhat Chi, 2018. "Valuing Social Capital: Shifting Strategies for Export Success of Vietnamese Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises," OSF Preprints rxjav, Center for Open Science.
    5. Miao, Chao & Rutherford, Matthew W. & Pollack, Jeffrey M., 2017. "An exploratory meta-analysis of the nomological network of bootstrapping in SMEs," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 8(C), pages 1-8.
    6. Candida G. Brush & Nancy M. Carter & Elizabeth J. Gatewood & Patricia G. Greene & Myra M. Hart, 2006. "The use of bootstrapping by women entrepreneurs in positioning for growth," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 15-31, October.
    7. Tom Vanacker & Sophie Manigart & Miguel Meuleman & Luc Sels, 2011. "A longitudinal study on the relationship between financial bootstrapping and new venture growth," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(9-10), pages 681-705, December.
    8. Lars Löfqvist, 2017. "Product Innovation In Small Companies: Managing Resource Scarcity Through Financial Bootstrapping," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(02), pages 1-27, February.
    9. Alvarado, Marco & Mora-Esquivel, Ronald, 2020. "Financial bootstrapping among Costa Rican small businesses: an exploratory study," TEC Empresarial, School of Business, Costa Rica Institute of Technology (ITCR), vol. 14(1), pages 2-11.
    10. Richard B. Carter & Howard Van Auken, 2007. "Capital Acquisition Attitudes: Gender and Experience," Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance, Pepperdine University, Graziadio School of Business and Management, vol. 12(2), pages 55-74, Fall.
    11. Michaelis, Timothy L. & Scheaf, David J. & Carr, Jon C. & Pollack, Jeffrey M., 2022. "An agentic perspective of resourcefulness: Self-reliant and joint resourcefulness behaviors within the entrepreneurship process," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(1).
    12. Slavec, Alenka & Prodan, Igor, 2012. "The influence of entrepreneur’s characteristics on small manufacturing firm debt financing," Journal of East European Management Studies, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 17(1), pages 104-130.
    13. Jayawarna, Dilani & Jones, Oswald & Marlow, Susan, 2015. "The influence of gender upon social networks and bootstrapping behaviours," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 316-329.

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