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Are global value chains truly global?

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  • Hao Xiao
  • Bo Meng
  • Jiabai Ye
  • Shantong Li

Abstract

Are global value chains (GVCs) truly global or are they more of a regional phenomenon? We provide a new perspective on this issue using network analysis based on the measure of trade in value added. We first show that GVC activities can be consistently identified and grouped into three types of networks, i.e. traditional, simple, and complex trade networks, according to the number of times that factor contents cross national borders in global production sharing. Further investigation on the changes in topology and structure of various networks reveals that, GVCs are more likely organized regionally and dominated by large countries, like the US, China, and Germany. However, at the sector level, what GVCs look like largely depends on the perspective (supply or demand) and the type of networks adopted. This can help better understand the possible structural change of GVCs brought by the US–China trade war and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Hao Xiao & Bo Meng & Jiabai Ye & Shantong Li, 2020. "Are global value chains truly global?," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(4), pages 540-564, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:ecsysr:v:32:y:2020:i:4:p:540-564
    DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2020.1783643
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    Cited by:

    1. Pierre Cotterlaz & Guillaume Gaulier & Aude Sztulmac & Deniz Ünal, 2024. "Pioneering a New Classification: a Comprehensive Study of Healthcare Products in Global Trade," Working papers 963, Banque de France.
    2. Yicheol Han & Stephan J. Goetz & Claudia Schmidt, 2021. "Visualizing Spatial Economic Supply Chains to Enhance Sustainability and Resilience," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-15, February.
    3. Rudi Purwono & Unggul Heriqbaldi & Miguel Angel Esquivias & M. Khoerul Mubin, 2022. "The American–China Trade War and Spillover Effects on Value-Added Exports from Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-22, March.
    4. Yuning Gao & Bo Meng & Gabriele Suder & Jiabai Ye & Yongping Sun, . "Making global value chains visible: Transnational corporations versus domestically owned firms," UNCTAD Transnational Corporations Journal, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
    5. Zhu, Kunfu & Guo, Xuefan & Zhang, Zengkai, 2022. "Reevaluation of the carbon emissions embodied in global value chains based on an inter-country input-output model with multinational enterprises," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    6. Yue Pu & Yunting Li & Jinjin Zhang, 2023. "Features and evolution of the ‘Belt and Road’ regional value chain: Complex network analysis," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(7), pages 2134-2156, July.
    7. Ashraf, Sania & P., Jithin & Slim, Skander & Najeeb, Roshen, 2023. "Global value chains and economic complexity index: Evidence from generalized panel quantile regression," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 347-365.
    8. Pierre Cotterlaz & Guillaume Gaulier & Aude Sztulmac & Deniz Ünal, 2024. "Pioneering a New Classification: a Comprehensive Study of Healthcare Products in Global Trade," Working papers 963, Banque de France.
    9. Flora Bellone & Arnaud Persenda & Paolo Zeppini, 2024. "The Rise of China in the Global Production Network: What Can Autocatalytic Sets Teach Us?," GREDEG Working Papers 2024-26, Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France.
    10. Krista Danielle S. Yu & Kathleen B. Aviso & Joost R. Santos & Raymond R. Tan, 2020. "The Economic Impact of Lockdowns: A Persistent Inoperability Input-Output Approach," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-14, December.
    11. Du, Wenjing & Fang, Guanfu & Gao, Tiantian & Jiang, Wei, 2023. "Public credit institutions, export activities, and global value chain participation: Evidence from China's credit demonstration city construction program," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    12. Ignatia Martha Hendrati & Unggul Heriqbaldi & Miguel Angel Esquivias & Bekti Setyorani & Ari Dwi Jayanti, 2023. "Propagation of Economic Shocks from the United States, China, the European Union, and Japan to Selected Asian Economies: Does the Global Value Chain Matters?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(1), pages 91-102, January.
    13. Ayadi, Rym & Giovannetti, Giorgia & Marvasi, Enrico & Zaki, Chahir, 2024. "Trade networks and the productivity of MENA firms in global value chains," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 10-23.
    14. Yan, Yunfeng & Li, Xiyuan & Wang, Ran & Pan, An, 2023. "Global value chain and export-embodied carbon emissions: New evidence from foreign-invested enterprises," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    15. Brondino, Gabriel & Lucero, Joaquín & Roitbarg, Hernán, 2023. "Productive specialization and integration in South America: A global input–output analysis," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 89-97.
    16. Meng, Bo & Ye, Ming, 2022. "Smile curves in global value chains: Foreign- vs. domestic-owned firms; the U.S. vs. China," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 15-29.
    17. Ventsislavova Georgieva, Daniela, 2024. "Влияние На Глобалните Вериги За Добавяне На Стойност Върху Иновационния Потенциал На Предприятията И Регионите [Impact of global value chains on the innovation potential of enterprises and regions]," MPRA Paper 122129, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2024.
    18. Yue, Youfu & Hou, Junjun & Zhang, Meichen & Ye, Jiabai, 2024. "Does the sticky relationships of global value chains help stabilize employment? Evidence from China," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 632-651.

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