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Carbon taxes and the double dividend hypothesis in a recursive-dynamic CGE model for Spain

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  • Jaume Freire-González
  • Mun S. Ho

Abstract

A carbon tax is potentially a policy that can reduce CO2 emissions and mitigate climate risks, at lowest economy-wide costs. We develop a dynamic CGE model for Spain to assess the economic and environmental effects of a carbon tax, and test the double dividend (DD) hypothesis. We simulate the impact of three carbon taxes: €10, €20 and €30 per ton of CO2. For each tax, four ‘revenue recycling’ scenarios are examined: a reduction of taxes on capital, on labor, on value-added tax, and a scenario in which revenues are not recycled. We find a DD for taxes of €10/ton and lower, within five to seven years of implementation. We estimate an annual CO2 emissions reduction of around 10% with this tax. Under some circumstances, the DD can be achieved for a tax of €20/ton. In any case, recycling revenues to cut pre-existing taxes reduces costs of imposing carbon taxes.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaume Freire-González & Mun S. Ho, 2019. "Carbon taxes and the double dividend hypothesis in a recursive-dynamic CGE model for Spain," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(2), pages 267-284, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:ecsysr:v:31:y:2019:i:2:p:267-284
    DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2019.1568969
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    Cited by:

    1. Lemelin, André & Savard, Luc, 2022. "What do CGE models have to say about fiscal reform?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 758-774.
    2. Jie Yan & Ruiliang Wang, 2024. "Green Fiscal and Tax Policies in China: An Environmental Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, April.
    3. Freire-González, Jaume & Ho, Mun S., 2022. "Policy strategies to tackle rebound effects: A comparative analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    4. Li, ChangZheng & Umair, Muhammad, 2023. "Does green finance development goals affects renewable energy in China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 898-905.
    5. Júlio Vicente Cateia & Maurício Vaz Lobo Bittencourt & Terciane Sabadini Carvalho & Luc Savard, 2023. "Funding schemes for infrastructure investment and poverty alleviation in Africa: Evidence from Guinea‐Bissau," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(6), pages 1505-1529, August.
    6. Drudi, Francesco & Moench, Emanuel & Holthausen, Cornelia & Weber, Pierre-François & Ferrucci, Gianluigi & Setzer, Ralph & Adao, Bernardino & Dées, Stéphane & Alogoskoufis, Spyros & Téllez, Mar Delgad, 2021. "Climate change and monetary policy in the euro area," Occasional Paper Series 271, European Central Bank.
    7. Julio Vicente Cateia & Luc Savard, 2025. "Trade and distribution in Guinea-Bissau: A computable general equilibrium analysis," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 1-30, February.
    8. Roland Cunha Montenegro & Vidas Lekavičius & Jurica Brajković & Ulrich Fahl & Kai Hufendiek, 2019. "Long-Term Distributional Impacts of European Cap-and-Trade Climate Policies: A CGE Multi-Regional Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-26, December.
    9. Ullah, Atta & Ullah, Saif & Pinglu, Chen & Khan, Saba, 2023. "Impact of FinTech, governance and environmental taxes on energy transition: Pre-post COVID-19 analysis of belt and road initiative countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
    10. Lingli Qi & Lei Zhao & Yongqiang Zhang & Shiqi Jiang & Xinyue Lin & Yishuai Ren, 2024. "Computable general equilibrium analysis of neutral carbon trading scheme and revenue recycling impacts on income distribution in China," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
    11. de Bruin, Kelly & Yakut, Aykut Mert, 2024. "Efficiency–equity trade-off in the Irish carbon tax: A CGE investigation of mixed revenue recycling schemes," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    12. Rosa Mª Regueiro-Ferreira & María Cadaval Sampedro, 2023. "Renewable energy taxes and environmental impacts: A critical reflection from the wind tax in Spain," Energy & Environment, , vol. 34(5), pages 1722-1744, August.
    13. Chepeliev, Maksym & Osorio-Rodarte, Israel & van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique, 2021. "Distributional impacts of carbon pricing policies under the Paris Agreement: Inter and intra-regional perspectives," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    14. Fereira, Semertesides Bitica & Cateia, Júlio Vicente, 2023. "Trade reform, infrastructure investment, and structural transformation in Africa: Evidence from Guinea-Bissau," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    15. Jaume Freire-González, 2019. "Does Water Efficiency Reduce Water Consumption? The Economy-Wide Water Rebound Effect," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 33(6), pages 2191-2202, April.
    16. Tao Zhai & Jiabin Liu & Daqing Wang, 2023. "Optimization path of agricultural products marketing channel based on innovative industrial chain," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(6), pages 3949-3977, December.
    17. Ferran Sancho, 2021. "The mitigation potential of eco-taxation on carbon emissions: income effects under downward rigid wages," Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, Springer;Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies - SEEPS, vol. 23(1), pages 93-107, January.
    18. Liu, Na & Yao, Xilong & Wan, Fang & Han, Yunfei, 2023. "Are tax revenue recycling schemes based on industry-differentiated carbon tax conducive to realizing the “double dividend”?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    19. Aiwen Zhao & Xiaoqian Song & Jiajie Li & Qingchun Yuan & Yingshun Pei & Ruilin Li & Michael Hitch, 2023. "Effects of Carbon Tax on Urban Carbon Emission Reduction: Evidence in China Environmental Governance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-19, January.
    20. Li, Ping & Zhou, Ying & Huang, Sijie, 2023. "Role of information technology in the development of e-tourism marketing: A contextual suggestion," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 307-318.

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