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‘Pay for It Heavily’: Does U.S. Support for Israel Lead to Anti-American Terrorism?

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  • Daniel Meierrieks
  • Thomas Gries

Abstract

After the 9/11 attacks in particular, there has been a controversial discussion in the academic and public arena on whether the United States’ close relationship with Israel has made it a likelier target of transnational terrorism. Indeed, foreign terrorist organizations with various ideological profiles have repeatedly justified attacks against U.S. interests as punishment for the (purported) special relationship between the United States and Israel. We analyze the effect of various measures of U.S. support for Israel (e.g. U.S. military assistance to Israel) on anti-American terrorism for the period 1970–2014. Using both time-series and panel approaches, we do not find that more U.S. support for Israel systematically translates into more anti-American terrorism. Rather, other systemic (e.g. U.S. dominance in the international system) and local conditions (e.g. local state failure) are found to predict the patterns of anti-American terrorism. However, as a qualification to these general findings, we also provide some (preliminary) evidence that for terrorism originating from the Middle East and Northern Africa a favorable U.S. policy stance towards Israel may indeed contribute to more anti-American terrorism.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Meierrieks & Thomas Gries, 2020. "‘Pay for It Heavily’: Does U.S. Support for Israel Lead to Anti-American Terrorism?," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(2), pages 160-176, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:defpea:v:31:y:2020:i:2:p:160-176
    DOI: 10.1080/10242694.2018.1560558
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cameron,A. Colin & Trivedi,Pravin K., 2013. "Regression Analysis of Count Data," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9781107667273, September.
    2. Thomas Gries & Daniel Meierrieks & Margarete Redlin, 2015. "Oppressive governments, dependence on the USA, and anti-American terrorism," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 67(1), pages 83-103.
    3. William Shughart, 2006. "An analytical history of terrorism, 1945–2000," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 128(1), pages 7-39, July.
    4. Newey, Whitney & West, Kenneth, 2014. "A simple, positive semi-definite, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 33(1), pages 125-132.
    5. Tim Krieger & Daniel Meierrieks, 2015. "The rise of capitalism and the roots of anti-American terrorism," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 52(1), pages 46-61, January.
    6. Mark Tessler & Michael D. H. Robbins, 2007. "What Leads Some Ordinary Arab Men and Women to Approve of Terrorist Acts Against the United States?," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 51(2), pages 305-328, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Eugen Dimant & Tim Krieger & Daniel Meierrieks, 2022. "The Risks of Nation-Building through Military Aid and Intervention," CESifo Working Paper Series 9957, CESifo.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D74 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
    • F50 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - General

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