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The EU soft regulation of digital campaigning: regulatory effectiveness through platform compliance to the code of practice on disinformation

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  • Gabriela Borz
  • Fabrizio De Francesco
  • Thomas L. Montgomerie
  • Michael Peter Bellis

Abstract

How does the European Union handle the soft regulation of digital political campaigning? We assesses the effectiveness of the EU's soft governance concerning digital campaigning by examining how global digital platforms respond to the EU Code of Practice on Disinformation. In doing so, we advance a framework for analysis which measures specific steps in the platform compliance with soft law. Our results, based on the content analysis of platforms' annual reports, show that compliance depends on the priority assigned to regulatory themes by on-line corporations. Overall, we find higher levels of platform formal commitment rather than symbolic commitment through forms of report editing to signal compliance with the code of practice. Our analysis also shows evidence of implementation following from formal commitments when reporting requirements are less rigid. Consequently, EU soft governance can be effective for digital campaigning in areas prioritised by the addressees of regulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriela Borz & Fabrizio De Francesco & Thomas L. Montgomerie & Michael Peter Bellis, 2024. "The EU soft regulation of digital campaigning: regulatory effectiveness through platform compliance to the code of practice on disinformation," Policy Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(5), pages 709-729, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:cposxx:v:45:y:2024:i:5:p:709-729
    DOI: 10.1080/01442872.2024.2302448
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    Cited by:

    1. Matteo Bodini, 2024. "Generative Artificial Intelligence and Regulations: Can We Plan a Resilient Journey Toward the Safe Application of Generative Artificial Intelligence?," Societies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-16, December.

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