An innovative approach for generation of a time location plan in road construction projects

Existing linear scheduling methods for earthwork activities lack accurate scheduling locations in road construction projects. Project planners and construction managers largely depend on subjective decisions for the allocation of resources at correct locations. This has caused uncertainties in planning and scheduling, and consequently delays and cost overruns of projects. Accurate information of working locations is vital for efficient resource planning, scheduling and equipment mobilisation. A theoretical framework for a virtual construction prototype model is developed using the theory of location-based planning and this is used as the basis of sensitivity analysis to identify critical factors affecting road construction. An arithmetic algorithm is developed by incorporating road design data, sectional quantities, variable productivity data, unit cost, site access points and haulage distance. The model generates a time location plan automatically with the aim to provide location-based scheduling information of earthwork activities. Weekly progress profiles, terrain surfaces, cost profiles and S-curve are the other outputs of the model. Data and information collected from the case studies are used to demonstrate functionalities of the model. Critical factors controlling the productivity of earthwork activities such as different types of equipment, soil characteristics and site access points were used to display the sensitivity effect by means of 'what-if scenarios'. The model is a valuable tool in analysing impacts of different factors associated with productivity data and resource planning from location aspects in the earthwork construction projects.