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Deregulation, ownership and profit performance of banks: evidence from India

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  • Rudra Sensarma

Abstract

This article studies the effects of deregulation on the banking industry in an emerging economy using profit-based measures of performance. Using panel data of 83 Indian banks belonging to different ownership groups for the period 1986 to 2005, we find that profit efficiency and productivity declined following deregulation. While public sector banks performed better than private banks in the pre-deregulation period, there was no difference in their performances after deregulation. Foreign and new private banks turned out to have the highest levels of profit productivity. Our results are in contrast with the findings of previous studies that have found significant improvements in efficiency and productivity of Indian banks using cost-based measures of performance.

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  • Rudra Sensarma, 2008. "Deregulation, ownership and profit performance of banks: evidence from India," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(19), pages 1581-1595.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apfiec:v:18:y:2008:i:19:p:1581-1595
    DOI: 10.1080/09603100701720385
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    2. Samaresh Bardhan, 2013. "Profit Efficiency of Indian Commercial Banks in the Post-liberalisation Period: A Stochastic Frontier Approach," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 7(4), pages 391-415, November.
    3. Adeabah, David & Andoh, Charles, 2019. "Market power, efficiency and welfare performance of banks: evidence from the Ghanaian banking industry," EconStor Preprints 192967, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    4. Fujii, Hidemichi & Managi, Shunsuke & Matousek, Roman, 2014. "Indian bank efficiency and productivity changes with undesirable outputs: A disaggregated approach," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 41-50.
    5. Gopalakrishnan, Balagopal, 2017. "What Does Matched Bank-Firm Data Tell Us about the Moral Hazard in Lending Decisions of State-Owned Banks in India? (Revised as on January 3, 2018)," IIMA Working Papers WP 2017-11-02, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department.
    6. Sushanta Mallick & Aarti Rughoo & Nickolaos G. Tzeremes & Wei Xu, 2020. "Technological Change and Catching-Up in the Indian Banking Sector: A Time-Dependent Nonparametric Frontier Approach," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 56(1), pages 217-237, June.
    7. Sunil Kumar, 2013. "Banking reforms and the evolution of cost efficiency in Indian public sector banks," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 46(2), pages 143-182, May.

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