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Velocity and interest rate variability in Italy: a further test of the Friedman hypothesis

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  • Bradley Ewing

Abstract

This paper examines whether interest rate variability leads to a decrease in the velocity of money in Italy. The hypothesis is tested using the Johansen cointegration technique and error-correction modelling. The empirical findings lend support to the Friedman hypothesis and help reconcile the mixed results of others regarding the hypothesis in Italy. The error-correction model results are consistent with risk-averse households holding more money, and thus reducing velocity, when faced with the uncertainty associated with interest rate variability.

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  • Bradley Ewing, 1996. "Velocity and interest rate variability in Italy: a further test of the Friedman hypothesis," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 3(12), pages 775-778.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apeclt:v:3:y:1996:i:12:p:775-778
    DOI: 10.1080/135048596355574
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chowdhury, Abdur R., 1988. "Velocity and the variability of money growth : Some international evidence," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 27(4), pages 355-360.
    2. Engle, Robert & Granger, Clive, 2015. "Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 39(3), pages 106-135.
    3. David A. Dickey & Dennis W. Jansen & Daniel L. Thornton, 1994. "A Primer on Cointegration with an Application to Money and Income," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: B. Bhaskara Rao (ed.), Cointegration, chapter 2, pages 9-45, Palgrave Macmillan.
    4. Friedman, Milton, 1983. "Monetary Variability: United States and Japan," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 15(3), pages 339-343, August.
    5. Johansen, Soren, 1991. "Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Cointegration Vectors in Gaussian Vector Autoregressive Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(6), pages 1551-1580, November.
    6. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
    7. Nelson, Charles R. & Plosser, Charles I., 1982. "Trends and random walks in macroeconmic time series : Some evidence and implications," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 10(2), pages 139-162.
    8. Gerald Lynch & Bradley Ewing, 1995. "Velocity and the variability of anticipated and unanticipated money growth: a cross-country comparison," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2(11), pages 444-448.
    9. Mascaro, Angelo & Meltzer, Allan H., 1983. "Long- and short-term interest rates in a risky world," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(4), pages 485-518, November.
    10. Thornton, John, 1995. "Friedman's Money Supply Volatility Hypothesis: Some International Evidence: Note," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 27(1), pages 288-292, February.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Fatih Cin & Fikret Dulger, 2002. "Income Velocity of Money (M2): The Case of Turkey, 1986-2000," Istanbul Stock Exchange Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 6(22), pages 33-48.
    3. Tulay Yucel & Gulizar Kurt, 2002. "Cash Conversion Cycle, Cash Management and Profitability: An Empirical Study on the ISE Traded Companies," Istanbul Stock Exchange Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 6(22), pages 1-16.

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