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The (lack of) international harmonization of EU standards: import and export effects in developed versus developing countries

Author

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  • Daniele Curzi
  • Marsela Luarasi
  • Valentina Raimondi
  • Alessandro Olper

Abstract

This article studies the effect of the lack of international harmonization in agri-food standards on international trade flows focusing on the European Union (EU). The EU is characterized by high level of protectionism, which makes it an ideal case study. We measure the differences in countries’ level of ‘protectionism’ by applying an index of aggregation of non-tariff measures to data on maximum residue levels on pesticides and veterinary drugs allowed by countries on agri-food products. The restrictiveness of countries standards’ is compared with the one imposed by the Codex Alimentarius, which is considered as non-protectionist. The EU emerges as the most rigorous standards setter. The higher standards imposed by the EU affect in particular imports from developing countries, while it facilitates its exports, irrespective of the level of development and standard restrictiveness set by the importing countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniele Curzi & Marsela Luarasi & Valentina Raimondi & Alessandro Olper, 2018. "The (lack of) international harmonization of EU standards: import and export effects in developed versus developing countries," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(21), pages 1552-1556, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apeclt:v:25:y:2018:i:21:p:1552-1556
    DOI: 10.1080/13504851.2018.1430327
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Dela-Dem Doe Fiankor & Daniele Curzi & Alessandro Olper, 2021. "Trade, price and quality upgrading effects of agri-food standards [Endogenous Trade Policy with Heterogeneous Firms]," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 48(4), pages 835-877.
    2. Marie Lassalas & Sabine Duvaleix & Laure Latruffe, 2024. "The technical and economic effects of biodiversity standards on wheat production," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 51(2), pages 275-308.
    3. Dela‐Dem Doe Fiankor & Oliver‐Ken Haase & Bernhard Brümmer, 2021. "The Heterogeneous Effects of Standards on Agricultural Trade Flows," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 72(1), pages 25-46, February.
    4. Christine Wieck & Jason H. Grant, 2021. "Codex in Motion: Food Safety Standard Setting and Impacts on Developing Countries’ Agricultural Exports," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 20(1), pages 37-47, April.
    5. Annalisa Zezza & Federica Demaria & Maria Rosaria Pupo d'Andrea & Jo Swinnen & Giulia Meloni & Senne Vandevelde & Alessandro Olper & Daniele Curzi & Valentina Raimondi & Sophie Drogue, 2018. "Research for AGRI Committee - Agricultural trade: assessing reciprocity of standards," Working Papers hal-02787948, HAL.

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