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The simplest American and Real Option approximations: Geske-Johnson interpolation in maturity and yield

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  • San-Lin Chung
  • Mark Shackleton

Abstract

The American early exercise feature of the Real Option to invest in a new project is important in capital budgeting and project valuation. Closed form solutions for American, and therefore Real, Options are known for two special cases; an infinite horizon generates the Merton (Bell Journal of Economics, 4, 141-83, 1973) solution while a zero dividend yield on the project generates Black-Scholes (Journal of Political Economy, 81, 637-59, 1973) prices since early exercise is never optimal. Geske-Johnson (Journal of Finance, 39, 1511-24, 1984) approximation is extended to a bivariate case by assuming various forms of separability for option prices as a function of time to maturity and yield to produce fully explicit and asymptotically correct approximations. These methods are compared with another simple approximation method due to Barone-Adesi and Whaley (Journal of Finance, 42, 301-20, 1987) and MacMillan (Advances in Futures Options and Research, 2, 117-42, 1987) and the estimated error these expressions contain compared to an accurate numerical benchmark technique.

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  • San-Lin Chung & Mark Shackleton, 2003. "The simplest American and Real Option approximations: Geske-Johnson interpolation in maturity and yield," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(11), pages 709-716.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apeclt:v:10:y:2003:i:11:p:709-716
    DOI: 10.1080/1350485032000138980
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Robert C. Merton, 2005. "Theory of rational option pricing," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Sudipto Bhattacharya & George M Constantinides (ed.), Theory Of Valuation, chapter 8, pages 229-288, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    2. Avinash K. Dixit & Robert S. Pindyck, 1994. "Investment under Uncertainty," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 5474.
    3. Ju, Nengjiu, 1998. "Pricing an American Option by Approximating Its Early Exercise Boundary as a Multipiece Exponential Function," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 11(3), pages 627-646.
    4. Johnson, H. E., 1983. "An Analytic Approximation for the American Put Price," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(1), pages 141-148, March.
    5. Geske, Robert & Johnson, Herb E, 1984. "The American Put Option Valued Analytically," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 39(5), pages 1511-1524, December.
    6. Barone-Adesi, Giovanni & Whaley, Robert E, 1987. "Efficient Analytic Approximation of American Option Values," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 42(2), pages 301-320, June.
    7. Black, Fischer & Scholes, Myron S, 1973. "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 81(3), pages 637-654, May-June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tian-Shyr Dai & Yuh-Dauh Lyuu, 2009. "Accurate approximation formulas for stock options with discrete dividends," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(16), pages 1657-1663.
    2. Murat Isik, 2005. "Incorporating decision makers' risk preferences into real options models," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 12(12), pages 729-734.

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