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Gender parity among researchers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics

Author

Listed:
  • Steven Kayambazinthu Msosa

    (Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa)

  • Bhekabantu Alson Ntshangase

    (Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa)

  • Courage Mlambo

    (Mangosuthu University of Technology, South Africa)

Abstract

This study compares women's disparity in science over a period of 5 years (2013–2017) in eight continental regions of the world using synthesised data from a UNESCO scientific report with a desktop literature review and deductive inference from statistical analysis. The different descriptive measures, such as mean percentages, correlations, multifactor analysis (MFA), and non-linear regression, identify the trend, change points, factors, and best-fit exponential time series for decision-making. We determined that each continent follows the same exponential smoothing trend, with a correlation coefficient of 0.67, over the years of study and that the year of study exhibits a different exponential trend that varies over the different continental regions' counterparts. The study also highlights gender bias, family life, mentoring, and stereotypes as significant factors contributing to the relationship between science and gender parity. Therefore, this study advocates policy implementation of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) to ensure women's representation in scientific research.

Suggested Citation

  • Steven Kayambazinthu Msosa & Bhekabantu Alson Ntshangase & Courage Mlambo, 2022. "Gender parity among researchers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 9(4), pages 243-261, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:ssi:jouesi:v:9:y:2022:i:4:p:243-261
    DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2022.9.4(13)
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Merryn McKinnon & Christine O’Connell, 2020. "Perceptions of stereotypes applied to women who publicly communicate their STEM work," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 7(1), pages 1-8, December.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    gender parity; STEM; women in science; research;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O39 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Other
    • I23 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Higher Education; Research Institutions

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