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Statistical Analysis of Rainfall Intensity Frequency Considering Rainfall Time in the Diurnal Cycle

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  • Xingpo Liu

    (Shanghai Maritime University
    Shanghai Maritime University)

  • Chenchen Jia

    (Shanghai Maritime University
    Shanghai Maritime University)

Abstract

Rainfall intensity at a specific time is an important factor affecting the occurrence of combined sewer overflow (CSO). In this study, a statistical analysis of rainfall intensity frequency considering rainfall time (or cross-section) in the diurnal cycle were conducted based on the original 10-year rainfall intensity time series (the temporal resolution is 5 min). First, the stationarity of two different types of time series was evaluated by Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test and Phillips-Perron (PP) test, including the original rainfall time series and the diurnal cycle time series of five statistical characteristics (mean value (Mean), standard deviation (Std), coefficient of variation (Cv), skewness coefficient (Cs) and kurtosis coefficient (Kurt)). Moreover, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of rainfall intensity at different cross-sections was analyzed. Finally, the best-fitting CDF of cross-section was used to quantify the CSO overflow frequency in the diurnal cycle under different thresholds. Results revealed that: (1) The original 10-year rainfall time series was second-order stationary time series. (2) The diurnal cycle time series of rainfall intensity statistics (Mean and Std) were non-stationary while those of rainfall intensity statistics (Cv, Cs and Kurt) were second-order stationary. (3) CDF of rainfall intensity at different cross-sections can be elaborated by the Generalized exponential distribution (Genexpon) and Generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) (R2 > 0.914). (4) CSO overflow has a high probability of occurring in three time intervals: (4:0–5:25), (15:35 − 16:40), and (20:30 − 22:55).

Suggested Citation

  • Xingpo Liu & Chenchen Jia, 2024. "Statistical Analysis of Rainfall Intensity Frequency Considering Rainfall Time in the Diurnal Cycle," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 38(14), pages 5579-5596, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:38:y:2024:i:14:d:10.1007_s11269-024-03922-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-024-03922-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dickey, David A & Fuller, Wayne A, 1981. "Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(4), pages 1057-1072, June.
    2. Xingpo Liu & Chenmeng Ouyang & Yuwen Zhou, 2023. "A Low-Return-Period Rainfall Intensity Formula for Estimating the Design Return Period of the Combined Interceptor Sewers," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(1), pages 289-304, January.
    3. Myoung-Jin Um & Jun-Haeng Heo & Momcilo Markus & Donald J. Wuebbles, 2018. "Performance Evaluation of four Statistical Tests for Trend and Non-stationarity and Assessment of Observed and Projected Annual Maximum Precipitation Series in Major United States Cities," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(3), pages 913-933, February.
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