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Development of a Protocol for the Karst Water Source Protection Zoning: Application to the Classical Karst Region (NE Italy and SW Slovenia)

Author

Listed:
  • Philippe Turpaud

    (University of Trieste)

  • Luca Zini

    (University of Trieste)

  • Nataša Ravbar

    (Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU
    University of Nova Gorica)

  • Franco Cucchi

    (University of Trieste)

  • Metka Petrič

    (Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU
    University of Nova Gorica)

  • Janko Urbanc

    (Geological Survey of Slovenia)

Abstract

Although karst aquifers are highly vulnerable and represent an important water resource, they are often inadequately protected. Furthermore, national water resource protection policies lack precision regarding the criteria for delimitation of source protection zones in karst. Usually either vulnerability assessment or travel time is considered. The proposed integrated protocol considers both. It is specifically designed for large karst aquifers where i) an additional distinction between areas of different liability to contamination within the aquifer, and ii) a certain generalisation of protection classes should be made for practical reasons. The protocol includes a detailed description of the separate steps of the protection zoning procedure. Information obtained from both artificial and natural tracers is used to account for the variability of groundwater flow under different hydrologic conditions. Analysis of groundwater physico-chemical parameters time series is better employed under high flow regimes and analysis of artificial tracers breakthrough curves under low flow conditions. Source protection zones are divided into three levels of protection, which should be further generalised, validated and adjusted to land use plans. The protocol has been applied to the Classical Karst Region transboundary aquifer (NE Italy and SW Slovenia). The results enable a uniform delineation of protection zones encompassing water sources that have not been protected to date, and improve the understanding and management of transboundary aquifers. The proposed protocol can be used in other karst aquifers, and adjusted to national protection legislation and spatial planning frameworks.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Turpaud & Luca Zini & Nataša Ravbar & Franco Cucchi & Metka Petrič & Janko Urbanc, 2018. "Development of a Protocol for the Karst Water Source Protection Zoning: Application to the Classical Karst Region (NE Italy and SW Slovenia)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(6), pages 1953-1968, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:32:y:2018:i:6:d:10.1007_s11269-017-1882-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-017-1882-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. O. Escolero & L. Marin & B. Steinich & A. Pacheco & S. Cabrera & J. Alcocer, 2002. "Development of a Protection Strategy of Karst Limestone Aquifers: The Merida Yucatan, Mexico Case Study," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 16(5), pages 351-367, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiaofei Pang & Binggeng Xie & Xuemao Zhang & Jing Xie & Jianyong Xiao, 2024. "Matched Relationships and Mechanisms of Water and Land Resources in Karst Mountainous Areas: A Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-19, June.
    2. Tan, Kun & Zhao, Xiaoqing & Pu, Junwei & Li, Sinan & Li, Yuhao & Miao, Peipei & Wang, Qian, 2021. "Zoning regulation and development model for water and land resources in the Karst Mountainous Region of Southwest China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).

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