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Groundwater Rise Problem and Risk Evaluation in Major Cities of Arid Lands – Jedddah Case in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Author

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  • Saleh Al-Sefry
  • Zekai Şen

Abstract

Arid lands are in the need of additional water supply but water transportation from outside of the natural hydrological cycle causes the groundwater to rise within the urban areas. Additional water supply from surrounding areas or through the desalination plants provides comfort in domestic activities but after the usage, its disposition is necessary in an efficient manner. Unfortunately, arid region cities have neither sufficient nor efficient sewage system. Consequently, the water returned to surface cesspools and leakages from insufficient sewage system makes internal groundwater recharge within the urban area. Additionally, water supply system leakages further raise the groundwater level. Deterioration in water quality becomes a potential danger for the infrastructure and foundations. Surface depressions in the city may be flooded due to groundwater level rise and at times bed smells occur at various parts of the city. In this paper, a quantitative method is followed to assess groundwater level rise risks in addition to the few chemical risks associated with sulfate and chloride solids. It is observed that each one of these variables has different probability distribution function and expose risk maps with different features. Copyright Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. 2006

Suggested Citation

  • Saleh Al-Sefry & Zekai Şen, 2006. "Groundwater Rise Problem and Risk Evaluation in Major Cities of Arid Lands – Jedddah Case in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 20(1), pages 91-108, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:20:y:2006:i:1:p:91-108
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-006-4636-2
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    Cited by:

    1. A. Yang & G. Huang & X. Qin, 2010. "An Integrated Simulation-Assessment Approach for Evaluating Health Risks of Groundwater Contamination Under Multiple Uncertainties," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(13), pages 3349-3369, October.
    2. Zekai Şen, 2012. "Groundwater Risk Management Assessment in Arid Regions," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(15), pages 4509-4524, December.
    3. Dhafer Alsalah & Nada Al-Jassim & Kenda Timraz & Pei-Ying Hong, 2015. "Assessing the Groundwater Quality at a Saudi Arabian Agricultural Site and the Occurrence of Opportunistic Pathogens on Irrigated Food Produce," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, October.

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