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Congress seat allocation using mathematical optimization

Author

Listed:
  • Roland Oliver Hales

    (University of Edinburgh)

  • Sergio García

    (University of Edinburgh)

Abstract

After the 2015 Spanish general election a row erupted over the allocation of physical seats in the Congress of Deputies, with certain parties left feeling they possessed an inferior selection of seats compared to other parties. Using this as motivation, this paper considers how mathematical optimization can be used to generate seating plans for political chambers, an application that has not been considered before. As well as being in some way ‘fair’ to all parties, the seating plan should ensure that each block of seats is well-defined and compact. Two optimization models are formulated and, due to their complexity, heuristic methods are developed to find ‘good’ solutions. Analysis shows that the heuristics are able to produce visually appealing seating plans for basic cases, but problems can occur when there are additional requirements to be satisfied.

Suggested Citation

  • Roland Oliver Hales & Sergio García, 2019. "Congress seat allocation using mathematical optimization," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 27(3), pages 426-455, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:topjnl:v:27:y:2019:i:3:d:10.1007_s11750-019-00515-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s11750-019-00515-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Serafini, Paolo, 2012. "Allocation of the EU Parliament seats via integer linear programming and revised quotas," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 63(2), pages 107-113.
    3. Rodolfo Carvajal & Miguel Constantino & Marcos Goycoolea & Juan Pablo Vielma & Andrés Weintraub, 2013. "Imposing Connectivity Constraints in Forest Planning Models," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 61(4), pages 824-836, August.
    4. Sergio García & Valentina Cacchiani & Lieselot Vanhaverbeke & Martin Bischoff, 2014. "The table placement problem: a research challenge at the EWI 2007," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 22(1), pages 208-226, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jordi Castro & Fernando Sarachaga, 2021. "An online optimization-based procedure for the assignment of airplane seats," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 29(1), pages 204-247, April.

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    Keywords

    Seat allocation; Mixed integer programming;

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