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Equilibrium selection in multi-leader-follower games with vertical information

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Carmela Ceparano

    (University of Naples Federico II)

  • Jacqueline Morgan

    (University of Naples Federico II)

Abstract

We consider two-stage multi-leader-follower games, called multi-leader-follower games with vertical information, where leaders in the first stage and followers in the second stage choose simultaneously an action, but those chosen by any leader are observed by only one “exclusive” follower. This partial unobservability leads to extensive form games that have no proper subgames but may have an infinity of Nash equilibria. So it is not possible to refine using the concept of subgame perfect Nash equilibrium and, moreover, the concept of weak perfect Bayesian equilibrium could be not useful since it does not prescribe limitations on the beliefs out of the equilibrium path. This has motivated the introduction of a selection concept for Nash equilibria based on a specific class of beliefs, called passive beliefs, that each follower has about the actions chosen by the leaders rivals of his own leader. In this paper, we illustrate the effectiveness of this concept and we investigate the existence of such a selection for significant classes of problems satisfying generalized concavity properties and conditions of minimal character on possibly discontinuous data.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Carmela Ceparano & Jacqueline Morgan, 2017. "Equilibrium selection in multi-leader-follower games with vertical information," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 25(3), pages 526-543, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:topjnl:v:25:y:2017:i:3:d:10.1007_s11750-017-0444-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s11750-017-0444-5
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    1. Francesco Caruso & M. Beatrice Lignola & Jacqueline Morgan, 2020. "Regularization and Approximation Methods in Stackelberg Games and Bilevel Optimization," Springer Optimization and Its Applications, in: Stephan Dempe & Alain Zemkoho (ed.), Bilevel Optimization, chapter 0, pages 77-138, Springer.

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