IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/sjobre/v55y2003i8d10.1007_bf03372725.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Ökonometrische Verfahren zur Modellierung von Kreditausfallwahrscheinlichkeiten: Logit- und Probit-Modelle

Author

Listed:
  • Ulrich Kaiser

    (University of Southern Denmark
    Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung)

  • Andrea Szczesny

    (Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt)

Abstract

Summary The paper describes simple econometric methods for the analysis of default risk and applies them to a data set obtained from credit files taken from six large German universal banks. The paper focuses on probit and logit models which enable the credit analyst to quantify the default probability of an individual credit. Recent developments in the analysis of panel data are also outlined. Empirical illustrations of the methods facilitate the understanding of the econometric models described in the paper. Numerous suggestions for further reading complete this short walk down the econometric quantification of default risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Ulrich Kaiser & Andrea Szczesny, 2003. "Ökonometrische Verfahren zur Modellierung von Kreditausfallwahrscheinlichkeiten: Logit- und Probit-Modelle," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 55(8), pages 790-822, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:sjobre:v:55:y:2003:i:8:d:10.1007_bf03372725
    DOI: 10.1007/BF03372725
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF03372725
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/BF03372725?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hausman, Jerry A. & Lo, Andrew W. & MacKinlay, A. Craig, 1992. "An ordered probit analysis of transaction stock prices," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 319-379, June.
    2. Crouhy, Michel & Galai, Dan & Mark, Robert, 2001. "Prototype risk rating system," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(1), pages 47-95, January.
    3. Nickell, Pamela & Perraudin, William & Varotto, Simone, 2000. "Stability of rating transitions," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(1-2), pages 203-227, January.
    4. Nadiri, M Ishaq & Rosen, Sherwin, 1969. "Interrelated Factor Demand Functions," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 59(4), pages 457-471, Part I Se.
    5. Hausman, Jerry, 2015. "Specification tests in econometrics," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 38(2), pages 112-134.
    6. Carey, Mark & Hrycay, Mark, 2001. "Parameterizing credit risk models with rating data," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(1), pages 197-270, January.
    7. Lawrence, Edward C & Arshadi, Nasser, 1995. "A Multinomial Logit Analysis of Problem Loan Resolution Choices in Banking," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 27(1), pages 202-216, February.
    8. Tutz, Gerhard & Hennevogl, Wolfgang, 1996. "Random effects in ordinal regression models," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 537-557, September.
    9. Bester, Helmut, 1987. "The role of collateral in credit markets with imperfect information," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 887-899, June.
    10. Jens Leker & Gerhard Schewe, 1998. "Beurteilung des Kreditausfallrisikos im Firmenkundengeschàft der Banken," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 50(10), pages 877-891, October.
    11. Granger, C. W. J. & Newbold, P., 1974. "Spurious regressions in econometrics," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 2(2), pages 111-120, July.
    12. Machauer, Achim & Weber, Martin, 1998. "Bank behavior based on internal credit ratings of borrowers," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(10-11), pages 1355-1383, October.
    13. Lucas, Andre & Klaassen, Pieter & Spreij, Peter & Straetmans, Stefan, 2001. "An analytic approach to credit risk of large corporate bond and loan portfolios," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(9), pages 1635-1664, September.
    14. Eisenbeis, Robert A, 1977. "Pitfalls in the Application of Discriminant Analysis in Business, Finance, and Economics," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 32(3), pages 875-900, June.
    15. McFadden, Daniel, 1974. "The measurement of urban travel demand," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 303-328, November.
    16. Chesher, Andrew & Irish, Margaret, 1987. "Residual analysis in the grouped and censored normal linear model," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 34(1-2), pages 33-61.
    17. Wu, Hsiu-Kwang, 1969. "Bank Examiner Criticisms, Bank Loan Defaults, and Bank Loan Quality," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 24(4), pages 697-705, September.
    18. Gordy, Michael B., 2000. "A comparative anatomy of credit risk models," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(1-2), pages 119-149, January.
    19. Bardos, Mireille, 1998. "Detecting the risk of company failure at the Banque de France," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(10-11), pages 1405-1419, October.
    20. Elsas, Ralf & Henke, Sabine & Machauer, Achim & Rott, Roland & Schenk, Gerald, 1998. "Empirical analysis of credit relationships in small firms financing: Sampling design and descriptive statistics," CFS Working Paper Series 1998/14, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
    21. Gary Chamberlain, 1980. "Analysis of Covariance with Qualitative Data," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 47(1), pages 225-238.
    22. Stiglitz, Joseph E & Weiss, Andrew, 1981. "Credit Rationing in Markets with Imperfect Information," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(3), pages 393-410, June.
    23. Bester, Helmut, 1985. "Screening vs. Rationing in Credit Markets with Imperfect Information," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 75(4), pages 850-855, September.
    24. Boyes, William J. & Hoffman, Dennis L. & Low, Stuart A., 1989. "An econometric analysis of the bank credit scoring problem," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 3-14, January.
    25. Manski, Charles F & Lerman, Steven R, 1977. "The Estimation of Choice Probabilities from Choice Based Samples," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 45(8), pages 1977-1988, November.
    26. Cantor, Richard & Packer, Frank, 1997. "Differences of opinion and selection bias in the credit rating industry," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(10), pages 1395-1417, October.
    27. del Angel, Gabriela F. & Diez-Canedo, Javier Marquez & Gorbea, Estela Patino, 1998. "A discrete Markov chain model for valuing loan portfolios. The case of Mexican loan sales," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(10-11), pages 1457-1480, October.
    28. Stefan Blochwitz & Judith Eigermann, 2000. "Unternehmensbeurteilung durch Diskriminanzanalyse mit qualitativen Merkmalen," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 52(1), pages 58-73, February.
    29. Otto H. Jacobs & Andreas Oestreicher & Susanne Piotrowski-Allert, 1999. "Die Einstufung des Fehlerrisikos im handelsrechtlichen Jahresabschluß anhand von Regressionen aus empirisch bedeutsamen Erfolgsfaktoren," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 51(6), pages 523-549, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Marc Gürtler & Dirk Heithecker, 2006. "Modellkonsistente Bestimmung des LGD im IRB-Ansatz von Basel II," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 58(5), pages 554-587, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kaiser, Ulrich & Szczesny, Andrea, 2000. "Einfache ökonometrische Verfahren für die Kreditrisikomessung," CoFE Discussion Papers 00/28, University of Konstanz, Center of Finance and Econometrics (CoFE).
    2. William H. Greene & David A. Hensher, 2008. "Modeling Ordered Choices: A Primer and Recent Developments," Working Papers 08-26, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business, Department of Economics.
    3. Berger, Allen N. & Espinosa-Vega, Marco A. & Frame, W. Scott & Miller, Nathan H., 2011. "Why do borrowers pledge collateral? New empirical evidence on the role of asymmetric information," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 55-70, January.
    4. Antje Brunner & Jan Pieter Krahnen, 2013. "Hold-up in multiple banking: evidence from SME lending," International Journal of Banking, Accounting and Finance, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 5(1/2), pages 78-101.
    5. Tensie Steijvers & Wim Voordeckers, 2009. "Collateral And Credit Rationing: A Review Of Recent Empirical Studies As A Guide For Future Research," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(5), pages 924-946, December.
    6. Siem Jan Koopman & André Lucas & Pieter Klaassen, 2002. "Pro-Cyclicality, Empirical Credit Cycles, and Capital Buffer Formation," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 02-107/2, Tinbergen Institute.
    7. Zhang, Xuan & Zhang, Yongmin & Scheffel, Eric & Zhao, Yang, 2022. "A key driver for the mixed relationship between loan risk premiums and collateral: Evidence from China," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    8. Chala, Alemu Tulu & Forssbaeck, Jens, 2018. "Does Collateral Reduce Loan-Size Credit Rationing? Survey Evidence," Working Papers 2018:36, Lund University, Department of Economics.
    9. Berger, Allen N. & Scott Frame, W. & Ioannidou, Vasso, 2011. "Tests of ex ante versus ex post theories of collateral using private and public information," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(1), pages 85-97, April.
    10. Carling, Kenneth & Rönnegård, Lars & Roszbach, Kasper, 2004. "Is Firm Interdependence within Industries Important for Portfolio Credit Risk?," Working Paper Series 168, Sveriges Riksbank (Central Bank of Sweden).
    11. Miglo, Anton, 2022. "Theories of financing for entrepreneurial firms: a review," MPRA Paper 115835, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Grunert, Jens & Norden, Lars & Weber, Martin, 2005. "The role of non-financial factors in internal credit ratings," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 509-531, February.
    13. Doris Neuberger & Solvig Räthke-Döppner, 2015. "The role of demographics in small business loan pricing," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 44(2), pages 411-424, February.
    14. Werner Neus & Manfred Stadler, 2013. "Risk and the Role of Collateral in Debt Renegotiation," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 42(3), pages 273-284, November.
    15. Elsas, Ralf & Krahnen, Jan Pieter, 2000. "Collateral, default risk, and relationship lending: An empirical study on financial contracting," CFS Working Paper Series 1999/13, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
    16. Jacobson, Tor & Linde, Jesper & Roszbach, Kasper, 2006. "Internal ratings systems, implied credit risk and the consistency of banks' risk classification policies," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(7), pages 1899-1926, July.
    17. Feng, D. & Gourieroux, C. & Jasiak, J., 2008. "The ordered qualitative model for credit rating transitions," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 111-130, January.
    18. Drakos, Konstantinos & Giannakopoulos, Nicholas, 2011. "On the determinants of credit rationing: Firm-level evidence from transition countries," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(8), pages 1773-1790.
    19. Reabetswe Kgoroeadira & Andrew Burke & André Stel, 2019. "Small business online loan crowdfunding: who gets funded and what determines the rate of interest?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 52(1), pages 67-87, January.
    20. Amina Ika Micah, 2022. "Three essays on access to credit and financial shock in Nigeria," Economics PhD Theses 0422, Department of Economics, University of Sussex Business School.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    C23; C25; G21;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:sjobre:v:55:y:2003:i:8:d:10.1007_bf03372725. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.