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The Cost of Relapse in Schizophrenia

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  • Mark Pennington

    (King’s College London)

  • Paul McCrone

    (King’s College London)

Abstract

Introduction Schizophrenia is a chronic and debilitating mental illness characterised by periods of relapse that require resource intensive management. Quantifying the cost of relapse is central to the evaluation of the cost effectiveness of treating schizophrenia. Objectives We aimed to undertake a comprehensive search of the available literature on the cost of relapse. Methods We performed a search on multiple databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and Health Management Information Consortium) for any study reporting a cost of relapse or data from which such a cost could be calculated. Costs are reported in 2015 international dollars. Results We found 16 studies reporting costs associated with relapse over a defined period of time and identified a cost associated with hospitalisation for relapse in 43 studies. Eight clinical decision analyses also provided cost estimates. Studies from the US report excess costs of relapse of $6033–$32,753 (2015 Purchasing Power Parity dollars [PPP$]) over periods of 12–15 months. European studies report excess costs of $8665–$18,676 (2015 PPP$) over periods of 6–12 months. Estimates of the cost of hospitalisation for relapse are more diverse, and associated with marked differences in typical length of stay across jurisdictions. Conclusions Wide ranges in the estimated cost of relapse may reflect differences in sample section and relapse definition as well as practice styles and differences in resource costs. Selection of the most appropriate cost estimate should be guided by the definition of relapse and the analysis setting.

Suggested Citation

  • Mark Pennington & Paul McCrone, 2017. "The Cost of Relapse in Schizophrenia," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 35(9), pages 921-936, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:pharme:v:35:y:2017:i:9:d:10.1007_s40273-017-0515-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s40273-017-0515-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tarricone, Rosanna & Gerzeli, S. & Montanelli, R. & Frattura, Lucilla & Percudani, Mauro & Racagni, Giorgio, 2000. "Direct and indirect costs of schizophrenia in community psychiatric services in Italy: The GISIES study," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Simon Frey & Roland Linder & Georg Juckel & Tom Stargardt, 2014. "Cost-effectiveness of long-acting injectable risperidone versus flupentixol decanoate in the treatment of schizophrenia: a Markov model parameterized using administrative data," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 15(2), pages 133-142, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maryam Zabihi Poursaadati & Masoomeh Maarefvand & Jafar Bolhari & Samaneh Hosseinzadeh & Jagdish Khubchandani, 2023. "The design and process of a family and community-based intervention for relapse prevention in people living with schizophrenia in Iran," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(3), pages 587-601, May.
    2. Maryam Zabihi Poursaadati & Masoomeh Maarefvand & Jafar Bolhari & Samaneh Hosseinzadeh & Nahid Songhori & Leili Derakhshan & Jagdish Khubchandani, 2023. "Caregivers’ experiences and perspectives of factors associated with relapse in Iranian people living with schizophrenia: A qualitative study," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(1), pages 86-100, February.
    3. Olga Chivilgina & Tenzin Wangmo & Bernice Simone Elger & Thomas Heinrich & Fabrice Jotterand, 2020. "mHealth for schizophrenia spectrum disorders management: A systematic review," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 66(7), pages 642-665, November.

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