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Community resilience to tsunamis along the Southeastern Pacific: a multivariate approach incorporating physical, environmental, and social indicators

Author

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  • Paula Villagra

    (Universidad Austral de Chile
    Universidad Austral de Chile)

  • Marie Geraldine Herrmann

    (Universidad Diego Portales)

  • Carolina Quintana

    (Universidad Austral de Chile)

  • Roger D. Sepúlveda

    (Universidad Austral de Chile
    Centro de Investigación: South American Research Group on Coastal Ecosystems (SARCE))

Abstract

Tsunamic events are a frequent hazard to coastal towns. Despite this, the extent to which resilience models can be applied to coastal towns as well as the aspects that should be considered when doing so have not been fully evaluated. There is little information regarding the specific indicators that allow cities to better cope and adapt to the impacts of tsunamis, and this information is especially scarce for developing countries such as Chile. The main objective of this study is to develop a resilience model to explore the extent to which local characteristics influence the resilience of Chilean coastal communities to tsunami hazards. Accordingly, this study presents the Coastal Community Resilience model (The CORE model) for exploring the adaptive capacity of coastal areas affected by tsunamis. This model was then applied to fourteen coastal villages, distributed within four towns, three communes, and two regions of Chile. Data comprising 21 indicators that address the physical, environmental, and social resilience aspects of the villages were obtained on-site and from governmental and municipality databases; these data were then subjected to multivariate analysis in order to determine which indicators most and least affect resilience and whether indicators affect resilience positively or negatively. Variation in resilience among the villages was explained by similarities and differences in the administrative-political, urban, rural, and indigenous characteristics of the study areas. In addition to these results, we discuss land use planning considerations to build community resilience, and we provide insight into the utility of the resilience model proposed here. Overall, our findings shed light on gaps in planning policies and opportunities for planning coastal resilient communities, particularly for those where data of explicit indicators are scarce like in Chile and other developing countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Paula Villagra & Marie Geraldine Herrmann & Carolina Quintana & Roger D. Sepúlveda, 2017. "Community resilience to tsunamis along the Southeastern Pacific: a multivariate approach incorporating physical, environmental, and social indicators," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 88(2), pages 1087-1111, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:88:y:2017:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-017-2908-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-017-2908-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jui-Sheng Chou & Yu-Chen Ou & Min-Yuan Cheng & Min-Yuan Cheng & Chen-Ming Lee, 2013. "Emergency shelter capacity estimation by earthquake damage analysis," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 65(3), pages 2031-2061, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cristian Olivares-Rodríguez & Paula Villagra & Rodolfo E. Mardones & Luis Cárcamo-Ulloa & Nicolás Jaramillo, 2022. "Costa Resiliente: A Serious Game Co-Designed to Foster Resilience Thinking," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Paula Villagra & Carolina Quintana, 2017. "Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-24, September.
    3. Mariana Brüning-González & Paula Villagra & Horacio Samaniego, 2023. "Biodiversity and Resilience to Tsunamis in Chilean Urban Areas: The Role of Ecoinformatics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-22, April.

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