IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/nathaz/v116y2023i2d10.1007_s11069-022-05760-7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Appraisal of climate change and source of heavy metals, sediments in water of the Kunhar River watershed, Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Shan-e-hyder Soomro

    (China Three Gorges University
    Zhengzhou University)

  • Xiaotao Shi

    (China Three Gorges University)

  • Jiali Guo

    (China Three Gorges University)

  • Caihong Hu

    (Zhengzhou University)

  • Haider M. Zwain

    (Al-Qasim Green University)

  • Chengshuai Liu

    (Zhengzhou University)

  • Muhammad Zeb Khan

    (University of Swat)

  • Chaojie Niu

    (Zhengzhou University)

  • Chenchen Zhao

    (Zhengzhou University)

  • Zubair Ahmed

    (Dawood University of Engineering and Technology)

Abstract

The amount of heavy metals (HMs) in sediment is regarded as a global crisis, with a large share in developing countries like Pakistan. Water and sediment samples were collected from ten locations of the Kunhar River basin, Pakistan. Eleven HMs such as (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Na, Se, Pb, and Zn) in water and sediments were investigated from Kunhar River basin. According to the results, the Kunhar River’s water quality is excellent, except for a slightly higher BOD value that can be minimized by preventing the dumping of human-oriented trash around the river or stream. Concentrations of metals in water have the trend of decreasing in water and sediments, indicating that the accumulation of metals in the sediment can affect the water chemistry of aquatic systems due to any physical or chemical process in the system. River ecosystems already have suffered from impacts of climate change, and these impacts are only expected to worsen. Predictors of climatic variability effects on water quality and quantity may benefit from our research, greater consideration should be given to the variety of metals in relationship to climate variation in order to get a clearer perspective about how much risk aquatic life will be faced by such metals.

Suggested Citation

  • Shan-e-hyder Soomro & Xiaotao Shi & Jiali Guo & Caihong Hu & Haider M. Zwain & Chengshuai Liu & Muhammad Zeb Khan & Chaojie Niu & Chenchen Zhao & Zubair Ahmed, 2023. "Appraisal of climate change and source of heavy metals, sediments in water of the Kunhar River watershed, Pakistan," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 116(2), pages 2191-2209, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:116:y:2023:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-022-05760-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-022-05760-7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11069-022-05760-7
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11069-022-05760-7?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. S. H. A. Koop & C. J. Leeuwen, 2017. "The challenges of water, waste and climate change in cities," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 385-418, April.
    2. Sam Anderson & Valentina Radić, 2020. "Identification of local water resource vulnerability to rapid deglaciation in Alberta," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 10(10), pages 933-938, October.
    3. Chojnacka, K. & Witek-Krowiak, A. & Moustakas, K. & Skrzypczak, D. & Mikula, K. & Loizidou, M., 2020. "A transition from conventional irrigation to fertigation with reclaimed wastewater: Prospects and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bolinches, Antonio & Blanco-Gutiérrez, Irene & Zubelzu, Sergio & Esteve, Paloma & Gómez-Ramos, Almudena, 2022. "A method for the prioritization of water reuse projects in agriculture irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    2. Wuliyasu Bai & Liang Yan & Jingbo Liang & Long Zhang, 2022. "Mapping Knowledge Domain on Economic Growth and Water Sustainability: A Scientometric Analysis," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 36(11), pages 4137-4159, September.
    3. Jeroen van der Heijden, 2021. "When opportunity backfires: exploring the implementation of urban climate governance alternatives in three major US cities [Are LEED-Certified Buildings Energy-Efficient in Practice?]," Policy and Society, Darryl S. Jarvis and M. Ramesh, vol. 40(1), pages 116-135.
    4. Fritz-Julius Grafe & Harald A. Mieg, 2021. "Precaution and Innovation in the Context of Wastewater Regulation: An Examination of Financial Innovation under UWWTD Disputes in London and Milan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-10, August.
    5. Mozhgan Moshtagh & Mohaddeseh Mohsenpour, 2019. "Community viewpoints about water crisis, conservation and recycling: a case study in Tehran," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 21(6), pages 2721-2731, December.
    6. Tang, Darrell W.S. & Bartholomeus, Ruud P. & Ritsema, Coen J., 2024. "Wastewater irrigation beneath the water table: analytical model of crop contamination risks," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    7. Mathivathanan, Deepak & Mathiyazhagan, K. & Khorana, Sangeeta & Rana, Nripendra P. & Arora, Bimal, 2022. "Drivers of circular economy for small and medium enterprises: Case study on the Indian state of Tamil Nadu," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 997-1015.
    8. Rachel H. White & Sam Anderson & James F. Booth & Ginni Braich & Christina Draeger & Cuiyi Fei & Christopher D. G. Harley & Sarah B. Henderson & Matthias Jakob & Carie-Ann Lau & Lualawi Mareshet Admas, 2023. "The unprecedented Pacific Northwest heatwave of June 2021," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-20, December.
    9. Oznur Isinkaralar & Ayyoob Sharifi & Kaan Isinkaralar, 2024. "Assessing spatial thermal comfort and adaptation measures for the Antalya basin under climate change scenarios," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 177(8), pages 1-17, August.
    10. Luo, Qizhao & Pei, Junxian & Yun, Panfeng & Hu, Xuejiao & Cao, Bin & Shan, Kunpeng & Tang, Bin & Huang, Kaiming & Chen, Aofei & Huang, Lu & Huang, Zhi & Jiang, Haifeng, 2023. "Simultaneous water production and electricity generation driven by synergistic temperature-salinity gradient in thermo-osmosis process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).
    11. Anzaldua, Gerardo & Gerner, Nadine V. & Lago, Manuel & Abhold, Katrina & Hinzmann, Mandy & Beyer, Sarah & Winking, Caroline & Riegels, Niels & Krogsgaard Jensen, Jørgen & Termes, Montserrat & Amorós, , 2018. "Getting into the water with the Ecosystem Services Approach: The DESSIN ESS evaluation framework," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 30(PB), pages 318-326.
    12. Sudhanshu Joshi & Manu Sharma & Banu Y. Ekren & Yigit Kazancoglu & Sunil Luthra & Mukesh Prasad, 2023. "Assessing Supply Chain Innovations for Building Resilient Food Supply Chains: An Emerging Economy Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-21, March.
    13. Mahmoud S. Hashem & Wei Guo & Xuebin Qi & Ping Li, 2022. "Assessing the Effect of Irrigation with Reclaimed Water Using Different Irrigation Techniques on Tomatoes Quality Parameters," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-19, March.
    14. Perez-Mercado, Luis Fernando & Lalander, Cecilia & Joel, Abraham & Ottoson, Jakob & Iriarte, Mercedes & Vinnerås, Björn, 2022. "Managing microbial risks in informal wastewater-irrigated agriculture through irrigation water substitution," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    15. Song, Malin & Wang, Jianlin & Zhao, Jiajia, 2023. "Effects of rising and extreme temperatures on production factor efficiency: Evidence from China's cities," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    16. Nayebloie, Fatemeh & Kouchakzadeh, Mahdi & Ebrahimi, Kumars & Homaee, Mahdi & Abbasi, Fariborz, 2022. "Improving fertigation efficiency by numerical modelling in a lettuce subsurface drip irrigation farm," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    17. Roland Zinkernagel & James Evans & Lena Neij, 2018. "Applying the SDGs to Cities: Business as Usual or a New Dawn?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, September.
    18. Alexandra Afonso & Carlos Ribeiro & Maria João Carvalho & Tânia Correia & Pedro Correia & Mariana Regato & Idália Costa & Annabel Fernandes & Adelaide Almeida & Ana Lopes & Fátima Carvalho, 2023. "Pretreated Agro-Industrial Effluents as a Source of Nutrients for Tomatoes Grown in a Dual Function Hydroponic System: Tomato Quality Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-19, December.
    19. Marco Ravina & Sergio Galletta & Augustin Dagbetin & Omama Ahmed Hussein Kamaleldin & Madalitso Mng’ombe & Lameck Mnyenyembe & Alemayehu Shanko & MariaChiara Zanetti, 2021. "Urban Wastewater Treatment in African Countries: Evidence from the Hydroaid Initiative," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-21, November.
    20. Lu, Shibao & Zhang, Xiaoling & Peng, Huarong & Skitmore, Martin & Bai, Xiao & Zheng, Zhihong, 2021. "The energy-food-water nexus: Water footprint of Henan-Hubei-Hunan in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:116:y:2023:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-022-05760-7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.