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Impact of land cover, rainfall and topography on flood risk in West Java

Author

Listed:
  • Rahmawati Rahayu

    (Durham University)

  • Simon A. Mathias

    (Durham University)

  • Sim Reaney

    (Durham University
    Durham University)

  • Gianni Vesuviano

    (UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology)

  • Rusmawan Suwarman

    (Institut Teknologi Bandung)

  • Agus M. Ramdhan

    (Institut Teknologi Bandung)

Abstract

Flooding represents around 32% of total disasters in Indonesia and disproportionately affects the poorest of communities. The objective of this study was to determine significant statistical differences, in terms of river catchment characteristics, between regions in West Java that reported suffering from flood disasters and those that did not. Catchment characteristics considered included various statistical measures of topography, land-use, soil-type, meteorology and river flow rates. West Java comprises 154 level 9 HydroSHEDS sub-basin regions. We split these regions into those where flood disasters were reported and those where they were not, for the period of 2009 to 2013. Rainfall statistics were derived using the CHIRPS gridded precipitation data package. Statistical estimates of river flow rates, applicable to ungauged catchments, were derived from regionalisation relationships obtained by stepwise linear regression with river flow data from 70 West Javanese gauging stations. We used Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to identify catchment characteristics that exhibit significant statistical differences between the two sets of regions. Median annual maximum river flow rate (AMRFR) was found to be positively correlated with plantation cover. Reducing plantation land cover from 20 to 10% was found to lead to a modelled 38% reduction in median AMRFR. AMRFR with return periods greater than 10 years were found to be negatively correlated with wetland farming land cover, suggesting that rice paddies play an important role in attenuating extreme river flow events. Nevertheless, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests revealed that built land cover is the most important factor defining whether or not an area is likely to report flood disasters in West Java. This is presumably because the more built land cover, the more people available to experience and report flood disasters. Our findings also suggest that more research is needed to understand the important role of plantation cover in aggravating median annual maximum river flow rates and wetland farming cover in mitigating extreme river flow events.

Suggested Citation

  • Rahmawati Rahayu & Simon A. Mathias & Sim Reaney & Gianni Vesuviano & Rusmawan Suwarman & Agus M. Ramdhan, 2023. "Impact of land cover, rainfall and topography on flood risk in West Java," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 116(2), pages 1735-1758, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:116:y:2023:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-022-05737-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-022-05737-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Muh Marfai & Andung Sekaranom & Philip Ward, 2015. "Community responses and adaptation strategies toward flood hazard in Jakarta, Indonesia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 75(2), pages 1127-1144, January.
    2. Fajar Yulianto & Parwati Sofan & Any Zubaidah & Kusumaning Sukowati & Junita Pasaribu & Muhammad Khomarudin, 2015. "Detecting areas affected by flood using multi-temporal ALOS PALSAR remotely sensed data in Karawang, West Java, Indonesia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 77(2), pages 959-985, June.
    3. Didik Suprayogo & Meine van Noordwijk & Kurniatun Hairiah & Nabilla Meilasari & Abdul Lathif Rabbani & Rizki Maulana Ishaq & Widianto Widianto, 2020. "Infiltration-Friendly Agroforestry Land Uses on Volcanic Slopes in the Rejoso Watershed, East Java, Indonesia," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-27, July.
    4. Poerbandono & Miga Julian & Philip Ward, 2014. "Assessment of the effects of climate and land cover changes on river discharge and sediment yield, and an adaptive spatial planning in the Jakarta region," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 73(2), pages 507-530, September.
    5. Wiwandari Handayani & Uchendu Eugene Chigbu & Iwan Rudiarto & Intan Hapsari Surya Putri, 2020. "Urbanization and Increasing Flood Risk in the Northern Coast of Central Java—Indonesia: An Assessment towards Better Land Use Policy and Flood Management," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-22, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Adityawan Sigit & Morihiro Harada, 2024. "Land Cover and Socioeconomic Analysis for Recommended Flood Risk Reduction Strategies in Java Island, Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-22, July.
    2. Maelaynayn El baida & Mohamed Hosni & Farid Boushaba & Mimoun Chourak, 2024. "A Systematic Literature Review on Classification Machine Learning for Urban Flood Hazard Mapping," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 38(15), pages 5823-5864, December.

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