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A method for determining the suitability of schools as evacuation shelters and aid distribution hubs following disasters: case study from Cagayan de Oro, Philippines

Author

Listed:
  • Alexandra Tsioulou

    (Willis Towers Watson)

  • Joanna Faure Walker

    (University College London)

  • Dexter Sumaylo Lo

    (Xavier University)

  • Rebekah Yore

    (University College London)

Abstract

Despite the controversy regarding their use, school buildings are often assigned as emergency evacuation shelters, temporary accommodation and aid distribution hubs following disasters. This paper presents a methodology to compare the relative suitability of different school buildings for these purposes by using the analytical hierarchy process to weight criteria based on the combined opinions of relevant experts and combine these with descriptive scores from surveyed buildings. The aggregated weights show that approximately equal weighting should be given to the hard characteristics (hazard at location and physical vulnerability) and soft characteristics (accessibility, communications, living environment, access to supplies). As well as immediate safety, conditions for inhabitation are important so that displaced persons are not discouraged from evacuating to shelters and shelter life is not detrimental to health and well-being. The study allows an optimal selection of school buildings used as shelters before and after a disaster and highlights where most improvement could be made with relatively little time and resources for both individual buildings and the whole study area. This method was applied to Cagayan de Oro in the Philippines, an area exposed to floods, windstorms and earthquakes, but can be adapted for other local contexts and building types. Among the 38 school buildings surveyed, we identified key areas for improvement as being insufficient pedestrian access for evacuation at night and for those with mobility constraints, and a lack of alternate spaces for evacuee activities leading to interference with education.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandra Tsioulou & Joanna Faure Walker & Dexter Sumaylo Lo & Rebekah Yore, 2021. "A method for determining the suitability of schools as evacuation shelters and aid distribution hubs following disasters: case study from Cagayan de Oro, Philippines," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 105(2), pages 1835-1859, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:105:y:2021:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-020-04380-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-020-04380-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Amir Reza Bakhshi Lomer & Mahdi Rezaeian & Hamid Rezaei & Akbar Lorestani & Naeim Mijani & Mohammadreza Mahdad & Ahmad Raeisi & Jamal Jokar Arsanjani, 2023. "Optimizing Emergency Shelter Selection in Earthquakes Using a Risk-Driven Large Group Decision-Making Support System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-19, February.

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