IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/manint/v46y2006i5d10.1007_s11575-006-0113-7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The product cycle revisited: Knowledge intensity and firm internationalization

Author

Listed:
  • Tamar Almor

    (College of Management)

  • Niron Hashai

    (The Hebrew University)

  • Seev Hirsch

    (Tel Aviv University)

Abstract

Abstract and Key Results ▪ This paper presents an expanded version of the product cycle framework, which illustrates how the role of R&D, production and marketing activities, as a salient determinant of competitive advantage, evolves along the product cycle. The frame-work considers the implications of these changes for the internationalization of firms marketing products belonging to the different phases of the cycle. ▪ The paper shows how changes in “knowledge-intensity” of products along the product cycle are interrelated with changes in “service-intensity” and “distance premium” and thus enable to predict the sequence in which low knowledge intensive and high knowledge intensive firms internationalize R&D, production and marketing activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Tamar Almor & Niron Hashai & Seev Hirsch, 2006. "The product cycle revisited: Knowledge intensity and firm internationalization," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 46(5), pages 507-528, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:manint:v:46:y:2006:i:5:d:10.1007_s11575-006-0113-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s11575-006-0113-7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11575-006-0113-7
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11575-006-0113-7?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Erin Anderson & Hubert Gatignon, 1986. "Modes of Foreign Entry: A Transaction Cost Analysis and Propositions," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 17(3), pages 1-26, September.
    2. Seev Hirsch, 1989. "Services and service intensity in international trade," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 125(1), pages 45-60, March.
    3. Cavusgil, S. Tamer, 1984. "Differences among exporting firms based on their degree of internationalization," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 12(2), pages 195-208, June.
    4. David J. Teece, 2008. "Technology Transfer By Multinational Firms: The Resource Cost Of Transferring Technological Know-How," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: The Transfer And Licensing Of Know-How And Intellectual Property Understanding the Multinational Enterprise in the Modern World, chapter 1, pages 1-22, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    5. Peter J. Buckley & Mark Casson, 1991. "The Future of the Multinational Enterprise," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, edition 0, number 978-1-349-21204-0, December.
    6. Otto Andersen, 1993. "On the Internationalization Process of Firms: A Critical Analysis," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 24(2), pages 209-231, June.
    7. Buckley, Peter J. & Hashai, Niron, 2005. "Firm configuration and internationalisation: A model," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 14(6), pages 655-675, December.
    8. Peter J. Buckley & Mark Casson, 2010. "Analysing Foreign Market Entry Strategies: Extending the Internalisation Approach," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: The Multinational Enterprise Revisited, chapter 8, pages 177-204, Palgrave Macmillan.
    9. Stan D Reid, 1981. "The Decision-Maker and Export Entry and Expansion," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 12(2), pages 101-112, June.
    10. Farok J Contractor, 1990. "Ownership Patterns of U.S. Joint Ventures Abroad and the Liberalization of Foreign Government Regulations in the 1980s: Evidence from the Benchmark Surveys," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 21(1), pages 55-73, March.
    11. Gary P. Sampson & Richard H. Snape, 1985. "Identifying the Issues in Trade in Services," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 8(2), pages 171-182, June.
    12. repec:bla:revinw:v:23:y:1977:i:4:p:315-38 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. X Martin & R Salomon, 2003. "Knowledge transfer capacity and its implications for the theory of the multinational corporation," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 34(4), pages 356-373, July.
    14. Pearce, Robert & Papanastassiou, Marina, 1999. "Overseas R&D and the strategic evolution of MNEs: evidence from laboratories in the UK," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 23-41, January.
    15. Mark Casson, 2000. "Economics of International Business," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 2063.
    16. John H. Dunning, 1977. "Trade, Location of Economic Activity and the MNE: A Search for an Eclectic Approach," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Bertil Ohlin & Per-Ove Hesselborn & Per Magnus Wijkman (ed.), The International Allocation of Economic Activity, chapter 12, pages 395-418, Palgrave Macmillan.
    17. Bruce Kogut & Udo Zander, 1993. "Knowledge of the Firm and the Evolutionary Theory of the Multinational Corporation," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 24(4), pages 625-645, December.
    18. Jan Johanson & Jan-Erik Vahlne, 1977. "The Internationalization Process of the Firm—A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 8(1), pages 23-32, March.
    19. Rugman, Alan M, 1986. "New Theories of the Multinational Enterprise: An Assessment of Internalization Theory," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(2), pages 101-118, May.
    20. Forsgren, M., 2002. "The concept of learning in the Uppsala internationalization process model: a critical review," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 257-277, June.
    21. Klepper, Steven, 1996. "Entry, Exit, Growth, and Innovation over the Product Life Cycle," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(3), pages 562-583, June.
    22. Bruce Kogut & Harbir Singh, 1988. "The Effect of National Culture on the Choice of Entry Mode," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 19(3), pages 411-432, September.
    23. Tamar Almor & Seev Hirsch, 1995. "Outsiders Response to Europe 1992: Theoretical Considerations and Empirical Evidence," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 26(2), pages 223-237, June.
    24. Hirsch, Seev, 1976. "An International Trade and Investment Theory of the Firm," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 28(2), pages 258-270, July.
    25. Raymond Vernon, 1966. "International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 80(2), pages 190-207.
    26. T. P. Hill, 1977. "On Goods And Services," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 23(4), pages 315-338, December.
    27. Patel, Pari & Vega, Modesto, 1999. "Patterns of internationalisation of corporate technology: location vs. home country advantages1," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 28(2-3), pages 145-155, March.
    28. Vernon, Raymond, 1979. "The Product Cycle Hypothesis in a New International Environment," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 41(4), pages 255-267, November.
    29. John H Dunning, 1988. "The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: A Restatement and Some Possible Extensions," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 19(1), pages 1-31, March.
    30. Peter J Buckley & Niron Hashai, 2004. "A global system view of firm boundaries," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 35(1), pages 33-45, January.
    31. Cantwell, John, 1995. "The Globalisation of Technology: What Remains of the Product Cycle Model?," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 19(1), pages 155-174, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. James, Ryan D. & Campbell Jr., Harrison S., 2016. "Exploring the Role of Unearned and Non-Wage Income on Regional Income Convergence," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 46(2), December.
    2. Tsui-Yii Shih, 2008. "The determinate effects of competences and decision process factors on firms' internationalisation," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(14), pages 2329-2350, November.
    3. Tsui-Yii Shih, 2018. "Determinants of Enterprises Radical Innovation and Performance: Insights into Strategic Orientation of Cultural and Creative Enterprises," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-22, June.
    4. Shaker A. Zahra & Niron Hashai, 2022. "The effect of MNEs’ technology startup acquisitions on small open economies’ entrepreneurial ecosystems," Journal of International Business Policy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 5(3), pages 277-295, September.
    5. Manamba EPAPHRA & John MASSAWE, 2017. "The Effect of Corruption on Foreign Direct Investment: A Panel Data Study," Turkish Economic Review, KSP Journals, vol. 4(1), pages 19-54, March.
    6. Alison J. Glaister & Yipeng Liu & Sunil Sahadev & Emanuel Gomes, 2014. "Externalizing, Internalizing and Fostering Commitment: The Case of Born-Global Firms in Emerging Economies," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 54(4), pages 473-496, August.
    7. Hashai, Niron & Almor, Tamar, 2008. "R&D intensity, value appropriation and integration patterns within organizational boundaries," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(6-7), pages 1022-1034, July.
    8. Seong-Hoon Cho & Jaimin Lee, 2021. "Estimating the uncertainty–R&D investment relationship and its interactions with firm size," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(3), pages 1243-1267, October.
    9. Thomas Laudal, 2010. "An Attempt to Determine the CSR Potential of the International Clothing Business," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 96(1), pages 63-77, September.
    10. Hashai, Niron, 2009. "Knowledge transfer considerations and the future of the internalization hypothesis," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 257-264, June.
    11. Niron Hashai & Christian G. Asmussen & Gabriel R. G. Benito & Bent Petersen, 2010. "Technological Knowledge Intensity and Entry Mode Diversity," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 50(6), pages 659-681, December.
    12. A. Rebecca Reuber & Esther Tippmann & Sinéad Monaghan, 2021. "Global scaling as a logic of multinationalization," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(6), pages 1031-1046, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Buckley, Peter J. & Hashai, Niron, 2005. "Firm configuration and internationalisation: A model," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 14(6), pages 655-675, December.
    2. Hashai, Niron, 2009. "Knowledge transfer considerations and the future of the internalization hypothesis," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 257-264, June.
    3. Marina Papanastassiou & Robert Pearce & Antonello Zanfei, 2020. "Changing perspectives on the internationalization of R&D and innovation by multinational enterprises: A review of the literature," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(4), pages 623-664, June.
    4. Buckley, Peter J. & Hashai, Niron, 2014. "The role of technological catch up and domestic market growth in the genesis of emerging country based multinationals," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 423-437.
    5. Robert-Nicoud, Frédéric & Olarreaga, Marcelo & Carrère, Céline & Fugazza, Marco, 2016. "On the heterogeneous effect of trade on unemployment," CEPR Discussion Papers 11540, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    6. Surdu, Irina & Mellahi, Kamel, 2016. "Theoretical foundations of equity based foreign market entry decisions: A review of the literature and recommendations for future research," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 25(5), pages 1169-1184.
    7. Bell, J.H.J., 1996. "Joint or Single Venturing? : An Electric Approach to Foreign Entry Mode Choice," Other publications TiSEM 06f84735-3cf5-432f-8bc8-c, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    8. Hashai, Niron & Almor, Tamar, 2004. "Gradually internationalizing 'born global' firms: an oxymoron?," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 465-483, August.
    9. Niron Hashai & Christian G. Asmussen & Gabriel R. G. Benito & Bent Petersen, 2010. "Technological Knowledge Intensity and Entry Mode Diversity," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 50(6), pages 659-681, December.
    10. Galan, Jose I. & Gonzalez-Benito, Javier, 2006. "Distinctive determinant factors of Spanish foreign direct investment in Latin America," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 171-189, June.
    11. Reddy, Kotapati Srinivasa, 2016. "Institutional Voids and Tax litigation in Emerging Economies: The verdict of Vodafone cross-border acquisition of Hutchison," MPRA Paper 74264, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2016.
    12. Oh, Chang Hoon & Kim, Minyoung & Shin, Jiyoung, 2019. "Paths and geographic scope of international expansion across industries," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 560-574.
    13. Drogendijk, H.J., 2001. "Expansion patterns of Dutch firms in Central and Eastern Europe : Learning to internationalize," Other publications TiSEM 18571cef-0dd0-46ff-82aa-3, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    14. Marshall S. Jiang & Preet S. Aulakh & Yigang Pan, 2007. "The nature and determinants of exclusivity rights in international technology licensing," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 47(6), pages 869-893, December.
    15. CASTANER, Xavier & GENC, Mehmet, 2004. "Country Institutional Differences and Multinational Advantage in Banking," HEC Research Papers Series 792, HEC Paris.
    16. Christos N. Pitelis & David J. Teece, 2018. "The New MNE: ‘Orchestration’ Theory as Envelope of ‘Internalisation’ Theory," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 58(4), pages 523-539, August.
    17. Patrick Regnér & Udo Zander, 2011. "Knowledge and Strategy Creation in Multinational Companies," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 51(6), pages 821-850, December.
    18. Sjoerd Beugelsdijk & Tatiana Kostova & Vincent E. Kunst & Ettore Spadafora & Marc van Essen, 2018. "Cultural Distance and Firm Internationalization," Post-Print hal-02312065, HAL.
    19. Alvaro, Cuervo-Cazurra, 2011. "Selecting the country in which to start internationalization: The non-sequential internationalization model," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 46(4), pages 426-437, October.
    20. Gammeltoft, Peter & Cuervo-Cazurra, Alvaro, 2021. "Enriching internationalization process theory: insights from the study of emerging market multinationals," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(3).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:manint:v:46:y:2006:i:5:d:10.1007_s11575-006-0113-7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.