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Paperless ship navigation: cyber security weaknesses

Author

Listed:
  • Boris Svilicic

    (University of Rijeka)

  • Miho Kristić

    (University of Dubrovnik)

  • Srđan Žuškin

    (University of Rijeka)

  • David Brčić

    (University of Rijeka)

Abstract

Maritime transportation is backbone of globalized trade and the manufacturing supply chain as nowadays more than four fifths of world merchandise trade by volume is carried by ships. Safe navigation of ships of today depends heavily on cyber-physical systems, of which the central is the Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS). The paperless ship navigation is allowed when the type approved ECDIS with official electronic navigation charts acts as an independent backup for the primary system. In this paper, we present an analysis of cyber security weaknesses of the paperless ship navigation that relies on two internetworked ECDIS workstations in the backup arrangement. The method of analysis is based on cyber security testing of the ECDIS workstations with an industry vulnerability scanner tool. The detected vulnerabilities are analysed in the context of ECDIS backup arrangement and safeguards implemented on board the paperless ship. The obtained results suggest that the critical cyber threat vectors result from uncontrolled internetworking of unmaintained ECDIS workstations with identical hardware and software configurations.

Suggested Citation

  • Boris Svilicic & Miho Kristić & Srđan Žuškin & David Brčić, 2020. "Paperless ship navigation: cyber security weaknesses," Journal of Transportation Security, Springer, vol. 13(3), pages 203-214, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jtrsec:v:13:y:2020:i:3:d:10.1007_s12198-020-00222-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s12198-020-00222-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lauren R. Shapiro & Marie-Helen Maras & Lucia Velotti & Susan Pickman & Hung-Lung Wei & Robert Till, 2018. "Trojan horse risks in the maritime transportation systems sector," Journal of Transportation Security, Springer, vol. 11(3), pages 65-83, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bolbot, Victor & Kulkarni, Ketki & Brunou, Päivi & Banda, Osiris Valdez & Musharraf, Mashrura, 2022. "Developments and research directions in maritime cybersecurity: A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    2. Cheung, Kam-Fung & Bell, Michael G.H. & Bhattacharjya, Jyotirmoyee, 2021. "Cybersecurity in logistics and supply chain management: An overview and future research directions," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).

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