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Non-performing assets (NPAs) and its determinants: a study of Indian public sector banks

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  • Dhananjaya Kadanda

    (Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC))

  • Krishna Raj

    (Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC))

Abstract

There has been increased concern about the continued deterioration in the asset quality of Indian public sector banks in recent times. Reserve Bank of India’s Financial Stability Report 2017 acknowledged that the risks to the Indian banking sector have been increasing in the post-recession period, particularly, the risk of accumulating non-performing assets (NPAs). In this perspective, the current paper investigates the extent and growth of NPAs and interbank disparity in NPA management among public sector banks. We found that the profitability of public sector banks is declining in the post-crisis period and the amount of NPAs has been on the rise. Further, the recovery mechanisms have proved to be ineffective in containing the problem of bad debts. In a dynamic panel analysis, we also examined the determinants of NPAs in public sector banks and found that factors such as past NPAs, the operating efficiency of the bank, capital adequacy, GDP growth rate, and interest rate are the major determinants of the growth of NPAs in Indian public sector banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Dhananjaya Kadanda & Krishna Raj, 2018. "Non-performing assets (NPAs) and its determinants: a study of Indian public sector banks," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 20(2), pages 193-212, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jsecdv:v:20:y:2018:i:2:d:10.1007_s40847-018-0068-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s40847-018-0068-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Berger, Allen N. & DeYoung, Robert, 1997. "Problem loans and cost efficiency in commercial banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(6), pages 849-870, June.
    2. Rajaraman, Indira & Vasishtha, Garima, 2001. "Non-performing loans of PSU banks: Some panel results," Working Papers 01/4, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    3. Samaresh Bardhan & Vivekananda Mukherjee, 2016. "Bank-specific determinants of nonperforming assets of Indian banks," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 13(3), pages 483-498, July.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Karan Singh Khati & Deep Mukherjee, 2021. "Productive Efficiency and Non-performing Assets of Indian Banks in the Post-global Financial Crisis Period," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 22(2), pages 186-204, September.
    4. Maryem Naili & Younes Lahrichi, 2022. "The determinants of banks' credit risk: Review of the literature and future research agenda," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 334-360, January.
    5. P. K. Viswanathan & Suresh Srinivasan & N. Hariharan, 2020. "Predicting Financial Health of Banks for Investor Guidance Using Machine Learning Algorithms," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 19(2), pages 226-261, August.
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    7. Swati Singh & Manpreet Arora, 2023. "Examining and analysing the determinants of non-performing assets in public and private sector banks in India," International Journal of Economics and Business Research, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 25(4), pages 553-568.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Non-performing assets; Net NPA; Gross NPA; Public sector banks;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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