IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/joerap/v8y2025i1d10.1007_s41996-024-00153-3.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Racial/Ethnic Misrepresentation of and Bias Against Minority Executives

Author

Listed:
  • Sekou Bermiss

    (UNC–Chapel Hill)

  • Jeremiah Green

    (Texas A&M University)

  • John R. M. Hand

    (UNC–Chapel Hill)

Abstract

We reassess whether and to what degree the hiring, development, and promotion decisions of S&P 500® companies have led to misrepresentation of and bias against their minority executives. Instead of the US population benchmark that has conventionally been used to measure misrepresentation, and from such misrepresentation attribute the presence and magnitude of racial bias and discrimination, we measure misrepresentation in US executives using the benchmark of the racial/ethnic densities (RAEDs) of their college cohort peers. Our key result is that the differences between US executive RAEDs and the RAEDs of their college peers are far smaller than those found using the US population, typically by an order of magnitude or more. Whereas under the US population benchmark, Black and Hispanic S&P 500® US executives are reliably greatly under-represented by − 9.1% and − 15.5%, and Asians and Whites are reliably over-represented by 1.3% and 24.4%, respectively, we find that Asians and Blacks are statistically at their college-peer benchmark levels, with college-peer-benchmarked misrepresentations of just − 0.4% and 0.1%, respectively. White executives are reliably slightly above their college-peer benchmarks by 1.9%, while Hispanics are reliably slightly below by − 1.2%. Our study highlights the importance of the benchmark used to measure the signs and magnitudes of racial misrepresentations and the sensitivity of inferences as to the presence or absence of racial biases to the choice of benchmark.

Suggested Citation

  • Sekou Bermiss & Jeremiah Green & John R. M. Hand, 2025. "Racial/Ethnic Misrepresentation of and Bias Against Minority Executives," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 74-103, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:joerap:v:8:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1007_s41996-024-00153-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s41996-024-00153-3
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s41996-024-00153-3
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s41996-024-00153-3?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Executives; Race; Ethnicity; Benchmarks; Misrepresentation; Racial bias;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A13 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Relation of Economics to Social Values
    • J01 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics: General
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J29 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Other
    • M12 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - Personnel Management; Executives; Executive Compensation

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:joerap:v:8:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1007_s41996-024-00153-3. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.