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Loneliness and Well-Being During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Associations with Personality and Emotion Regulation

Author

Listed:
  • Danièle A. Gubler

    (University of Bern)

  • Lisa M. Makowski

    (University of Bern)

  • Stefan J. Troche

    (University of Bern)

  • Katja Schlegel

    (University of Bern)

Abstract

The present study examined how neuroticism, extraversion, and emotion regulation were related to loneliness and well-being during 6 weeks of major public life restrictions in the Covid-19 pandemic in Switzerland. Cross-sectional results from 466 participants showed that neuroticism and emotion regulation strategies were associated with higher loneliness and lower well-being. However, in contrast to prior research, associations of extraversion with loneliness and well-being were weak and were qualified by interactions with emotion regulation. For introverts, maladaptive cognitive strategies such as rumination or catastrophizing were related to higher levels of loneliness. For extraverts, emotion suppression was related to lower levels of affective well-being. Individuals with low maladaptive regulation reported higher well-being the longer the public life restrictions were in place at the time of study participation. These findings suggest that first, extraversion may lose some of its protective value for loneliness and well-being when opportunities to engage in social activities are limited; second, that loneliness and well-being do not decrease over 6 weeks of public life restrictions; and third, that future studies should further investigate the moderating role of emotion regulation on the link between personality, loneliness, and well-being.

Suggested Citation

  • Danièle A. Gubler & Lisa M. Makowski & Stefan J. Troche & Katja Schlegel, 2021. "Loneliness and Well-Being During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Associations with Personality and Emotion Regulation," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 22(5), pages 2323-2342, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jhappi:v:22:y:2021:i:5:d:10.1007_s10902-020-00326-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10902-020-00326-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Isabel Albuquerque & Margarida Lima & Marcela Matos & Cláudia Figueiredo, 2012. "Personality and Subjective Well-Being: What Hides Behind Global Analyses?," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 105(3), pages 447-460, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Liying Jiao & Wen Jiang & Zhen Guo & Yue Xiao & Mengke Yu & Yan Xu, 2023. "Good Personality and Subjective Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in Chinese Contexts," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 589-606, February.
    2. Carla Barros & Ana Sacau-Fontenla, 2021. "New Insights on the Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence and Social Support on University Students’ Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic: Gender Matters," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Neugebauer, Martin & Patzina, Alexander & Dietrich, Hans & Sandner, Malte, 2023. "Two Pandemic Years Greatly Reduced Young People's Life Satisfaction: Evidence from a Comparison with Pre-COVID-19 Panel Data," IZA Discussion Papers 16636, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Kailin Cheng & Jiangqun Liao, 2023. "Coping with Coronavirus Pandemic: Risk Perception Predicts Life Optimism," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 351-371, January.
    5. Chengju Liao & Xingmei Gu & Jie Wang & Kuiliang Li & Xiaoxia Wang & Mengxue Zhao & Zhengzhi Feng, 2022. "The Relation between Neuroticism and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Behavior among College Students: Multiple Mediating Effects of Emotion Regulation and Depression," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-12, March.
    6. Claudia Salceanu & Oana-Maria Agapie, 2022. "Emotional Intelligence and Personality Traits in Higher Education," Technium Social Sciences Journal, Technium Science, vol. 33(1), pages 416-429, July.

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