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Gratitude Texting Touches the Heart: Challenge/Threat Cardiovascular Responses to Gratitude Expression Predict Self-initiation of Gratitude Interventions in Daily Life

Author

Listed:
  • Jolanta Enko

    (Adam Mickiewicz University)

  • Maciej Behnke

    (Adam Mickiewicz University)

  • Martyna Dziekan

    (Adam Mickiewicz University)

  • Michał Kosakowski

    (Adam Mickiewicz University)

  • Lukasz D. Kaczmarek

    (Adam Mickiewicz University)

Abstract

Gratitude-based interventions are effective in facilitating positive relationships and increasing life satisfaction. However, for some individuals (e.g., with high levels of depression and low trait-gratitude) gratitude expression is threatening and rarely undertaken spontaneously. In this study, we expected to replicate this gratitude expression threat effect. Moreover, we aimed to understand psychophysiological mechanisms of this effect by accounting for cognitive, motivational, and physiological responses to gratitude expression in line with the biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat. One hundred ninety-six students (51% women) between the ages of 18 and 31 years old (M = 21.20, SD = 2.08) reported personality measures and completed a laboratory session where they expressed gratitude via text messages after reporting evaluation and motivation towards the task. Their cardiovascular reactivity was monitored continuously. After the session, participants were invited to continue a gratitude intervention for the next three weeks. We found that individuals with higher depression and lower trait-gratitude were less likely to initiate gratitude intervention. This effect was mediated by a cardiovascular marker of threat (total peripheral resistance) that inhibited motivation and behavior. In summary, we replicated and provided further evidence for the role of personality traits in predicting aversive responses to gratitude expression via interventions. These findings contribute to the person-activity fit recommendations.

Suggested Citation

  • Jolanta Enko & Maciej Behnke & Martyna Dziekan & Michał Kosakowski & Lukasz D. Kaczmarek, 2021. "Gratitude Texting Touches the Heart: Challenge/Threat Cardiovascular Responses to Gratitude Expression Predict Self-initiation of Gratitude Interventions in Daily Life," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 49-69, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jhappi:v:22:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1007_s10902-020-00218-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s10902-020-00218-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    2. Konrad Senf & Albert Liau, 2013. "The Effects of Positive Interventions on Happiness and Depressive Symptoms, with an Examination of Personality as a Moderator," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 14(2), pages 591-612, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lukasz D. Kaczmarek & Todd B. Kashdan & Jolanta Enko, 2024. "How Curiosity Enhances Performance: Mechanisms of Physiological Engagement, Challenge and Threat Appraisal, and Novelty Deprivation," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 25(7), pages 1-18, October.
    2. Agnieszka Bojanowska & Łukasz D. Kaczmarek & Beata Urbanska & Malwina Puchalska, 2022. "Acting on Values: A Novel Intervention Enhancing Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(8), pages 3889-3908, December.

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