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A fuzzy set extension of Schelling’s spatial segregation model

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  • Atsushi Ishida

    (Kwansei Gakuin University)

Abstract

This study explores a possible segregation mechanism assuming fuzzy group membership. We construct a fuzzy set extension of Schelling’s spatial segregation model. In the fuzzy Schelling model, each agent is assumed to have fuzzy membership in groups, which is typically assumed to represent the strength of the agent’s group identity. The model assumes that agents want to be with agents with the same or stronger (less fuzzy) group identity than themselves. Agents decide whether to stay or move depending on whether their neighborhood satisfies their desires. Analyzing a series of simulations reveals that: First, the fuzzy Schelling model can reproduce segregation at the macro level; here, segregation is formed by the accumulation of agents’ modest desires and actions. This is the most important property of the Schelling model. Second, agents’ behavior and situation differ depending on the fuzziness of their membership. Notably, agents with less fuzzy membership play an important role in the system’s equilibrium. Third, the tendency to reach equilibrium differs depending on the density of the space, required similarity level in the neighborhood, and initial distribution of membership values. Finally, we discuss the implications of the results.

Suggested Citation

  • Atsushi Ishida, 2024. "A fuzzy set extension of Schelling’s spatial segregation model," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 125-144, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jcsosc:v:7:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1007_s42001-023-00234-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s42001-023-00234-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhang, Junfu, 2004. "Residential segregation in an all-integrationist world," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 54(4), pages 533-550, August.
    2. Junfu Zhang, 2011. "Tipping And Residential Segregation: A Unified Schelling Model," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(1), pages 167-193, February.
    3. Daniel Silver & Ultan Byrne & Patrick Adler, 2021. "Venues and segregation: A revised Schelling model," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(1), pages 1-35, January.
    4. Yujin Woo, 2022. "Homogenous Japan? An Empirical Examination on Public Perceptions of Citizenship [‘Measuring Dimensions of National Identity across Countries: Theoretical and Methodological Reflections’]," Social Science Japan Journal, University of Tokyo and Oxford University Press, vol. 25(2), pages 209-228.
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