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The longitudinal relationship between meaning in life, depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and cognitive functioning for older adults with Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Listed:
  • Laura Dewitte

    (KU Leuven)

  • Patrick L. Hill

    (Washington University in St. Louis)

  • Mathieu Vandenbulcke

    (KU Leuven)

  • Jessie Dezutter

    (KU Leuven)

Abstract

Studies show the importance of the personal experience of meaning in life for older adults, but adults with dementia have been largely excluded from this research. The current study examined the longitudinal predictive effect of meaning in life for the psychological and cognitive functioning of older adults with Alzheimer’s disease and whether cognitive decline predicted presence of meaning in life. On three yearly measurement occasions, presence of meaning in life, depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and cognitive functioning were assessed in structured interviews with a convenience sample of 140 older adults with Alzheimer’s disease from nine nursing homes in Belgium. Cross-lagged panel and latent growth curve models were used to analyze the longitudinal relationships between the variables. Over the three measurement waves, participants with higher presence of meaning reported lower depressive symptoms one year later. Presence of meaning and life satisfaction predicted each other over time, but only between the first and second wave. The analyses showed no strong evidence for a longitudinal association between meaning in life and cognitive functioning in either direction. The findings emphasize the importance of the experience of meaning in life for the psychological functioning of older adults with Alzheimer’s disease. The lack of evidence for associations between meaning and cognitive functioning questions the prevailing view that intact cognitive abilities are a necessity for experiencing meaning. More attention to the potential of meaning interventions for persons with dementia is warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura Dewitte & Patrick L. Hill & Mathieu Vandenbulcke & Jessie Dezutter, 2022. "The longitudinal relationship between meaning in life, depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and cognitive functioning for older adults with Alzheimer’s disease," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 1155-1166, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:eujoag:v:19:y:2022:i:4:d:10.1007_s10433-022-00689-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s10433-022-00689-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wingyun Mak, 2011. "Self-reported Goal Pursuit and Purpose in Life Among People With Dementia," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 66(2), pages 177-184.
    2. Crystal L. Park & Cheryl L. Knott & Randi M. Williams & Eddie M. Clark & Beverly Rosa Williams & Emily Schulz, 2020. "Meaning in Life Predicts Decreased Depressive Symptoms and Increased Positive Affect over Time but Does not Buffer Stress Effects in a National Sample of African-Americans," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(8), pages 3037-3049, December.
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