IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/endesu/v26y2024i7d10.1007_s10668-023-03355-1.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Protective behavior in chemical spraying among farmers of northern Iran

Author

Listed:
  • Abolmohammad Bondori

    (University of Mohaghegh Ardabili)

  • Asghar Bagheri

    (University of Mohaghegh Ardabili)

  • Christos A. Damalas

    (Democritus University of Thrace)

Abstract

Understanding farmers’ protective behavior in the use of pesticides as well as inter-related factors affecting behavior is essential for improving safety in farming. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the levels of personal protection of farmers during pesticide handling, along with knowledge and perception of risks by pesticides, frequency of poisoning experience, use of information, and their effects on safety behavior in rural Iran. Forty-six percent (46.0%) of the farmers reported totally unsafe behavior in pesticide handling, with poor use of protective gear, and 20.0% reported potentially unsafe behavior, with only occasional use of protective gear. Training in pesticide use and integrated pest management (IPM) education promoted the use of protective gear. Almost half of the farmers (49.4%) reported some kind of pesticide poisoning experience, with dizziness being the most common symptom. On a five point scale (1–5), farmers had low knowledge of pesticide risk (mean = 2.75) and moderate perception of pesticide risk (mean = 3.26). Similarly, the use of information was low (mean = 2.10), with pesticide retailers being the most popular source of farmers’ information. Structural equation modeling showed that risk knowledge was positively associated with risk perception. These two variables along with poisoning experience and use of information described 85% of the variability in farmers’ use of protective gear, highlighting the inter-connection of those variables and their crucial role in the protective behavior of farmers during chemical spraying. In conclusion, improving farmers’ knowledge of pesticide risk through better information is crucial for promoting farmers’ protective behavior in pesticide use.

Suggested Citation

  • Abolmohammad Bondori & Asghar Bagheri & Christos A. Damalas, 2024. "Protective behavior in chemical spraying among farmers of northern Iran," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(7), pages 17673-17685, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:26:y:2024:i:7:d:10.1007_s10668-023-03355-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03355-1
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10668-023-03355-1
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s10668-023-03355-1?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Christos A. Damalas & Spyridon D. Koutroubas & Gholamhossein Abdollahzadeh, 2019. "Drivers of Personal Safety in Agriculture: A Case Study with Pesticide Operators," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-13, February.
    2. Teun Terpstra, 2011. "Emotions, Trust, and Perceived Risk: Affective and Cognitive Routes to Flood Preparedness Behavior," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(10), pages 1658-1675, October.
    3. Benjamin Ndayambaje & Hellen Amuguni & Jeanne Coffin-Schmitt & Nancy Sibo & Martin Ntawubizi & Elizabeth VanWormer, 2019. "Pesticide Application Practices and Knowledge among Small-Scale Local Rice Growers and Communities in Rwanda: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-11, November.
    4. Ping, Robert Jr., 2004. "On assuring valid measures for theoretical models using survey data," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 57(2), pages 125-141, February.
    5. Nicolás C. Bronfman & Pamela C. Cisternas & Paula B. Repetto & Javiera V. Castañeda & Eliana Guic, 2020. "Understanding the Relationship Between Direct Experience and Risk Perception of Natural Hazards," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(10), pages 2057-2070, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Rebecca E. Morss & Julie L. Demuth & Ann Bostrom & Jeffrey K. Lazo & Heather Lazrus, 2015. "Flash Flood Risks and Warning Decisions: A Mental Models Study of Forecasters, Public Officials, and Media Broadcasters in Boulder, Colorado," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 35(11), pages 2009-2028, November.
    2. Kipnis, Eva & Demangeot, Catherine & Pullig, Chris & Broderick, Amanda J., 2019. "Consumer Multicultural Identity Affiliation: Reassessing identity segmentation in multicultural markets," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 126-141.
    3. Teresa Barros & Paula Rodrigues & Nelson Duarte & Xue-Feng Shao & F. V. Martins & H. Barandas-Karl & Xiao-Guang Yue, 2020. "The Impact of Brand Relationships on Corporate Brand Identity and Reputation—An Integrative Model," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-21, June.
    4. Wang, Fei & Yuan, Yu & Lu, Liangdong, 2021. "Dynamical prediction model of consumers’ purchase intentions regarding anti-smog products during smog risk: Taking the information flow perspective," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 563(C).
    5. Meents, S. & Verhagen, T. & Vlaar, P.W.L., 2011. "How sellers can stimulate purchasing in electronic marketplaces: Using information as a risk reduction signal," Serie Research Memoranda 0014, VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics.
    6. Yongzhong Yang & Mohsin Shafi, 2020. "How does customer and supplier cooperation in micro-enterprises affect innovation? Evidence from Pakistani handicraft micro-enterprises," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(5), pages 530-559, November.
    7. Justina GineikienÄ—, 2013. "Consumer Nostalgia Literature Review And An Alternative Measurement Perspective," Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies, Faculty of Economics, Vilnius University, vol. 4(2).
    8. Chandra Mahapatra, Subas & Bellamkonda, Raja Shekhar, 2023. "Higher expectations of passengers do really sense: Development and validation a multiple scale-FliQual for air transport service quality," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    9. Jantsje M. Mol & W. J. Wouter Botzen & Julia E. Blasch & Hans de Moel, 2020. "Insights into Flood Risk Misperceptions of Homeowners in the Dutch River Delta," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(7), pages 1450-1468, July.
    10. Kevin Fox Gotham & Richard Campanella & Katie Lauve‐Moon & Bradford Powers, 2018. "Hazard Experience, Geophysical Vulnerability, and Flood Risk Perceptions in a Postdisaster City, the Case of New Orleans," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(2), pages 345-356, February.
    11. Laura K. Siebeneck & Thomas J. Cova, 2012. "Spatial and Temporal Variation in Evacuee Risk Perception Throughout the Evacuation and Return‐Entry Process," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 32(9), pages 1468-1480, September.
    12. Liu, Peng & Xu, Zhigang & Zhao, Xiangmo, 2019. "Road tests of self-driving vehicles: Affective and cognitive pathways in acceptance formation," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 354-369.
    13. Verhagen, Tibert & Meents, Selmar, 2007. "A Framework for Developing Semantic Differentials in IS research: Assessing the Meaning of Electronic Marketplace Quality (EMQ)," Serie Research Memoranda 0016, VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics.
    14. Magdalena Öberseder & Bodo Schlegelmilch & Patrick Murphy & Verena Gruber, 2014. "Consumers’ Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility: Scale Development and Validation," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 124(1), pages 101-115, September.
    15. Bianchi, Constanza & Abu Saleh, Md., 2020. "Investigating SME importer–foreign supplier relationship trust and commitment," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 572-584.
    16. Jinshu Cui & Heather Rosoff & Richard S. John, 2018. "Public Response to a Near‐Miss Nuclear Accident Scenario Varying in Causal Attributions and Outcome Uncertainty," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(5), pages 947-961, May.
    17. Nathaniel Boso & Paige S Carter & Jonathan Annan, 2016. "When is brand orientation a useful strategic posture?," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 23(4), pages 363-382, July.
    18. Silvina Santana & Sandra Loureiro, 2010. "Assessing Benefits And Risks Of Online Shopping In Spain And Scotland," Portuguese Journal of Management Studies, ISEG, Universidade de Lisboa, vol. 0(2), pages 161-172.
    19. Shay-Wei Choon & Hway-Boon Ong & Siow-Hooi Tan, 2019. "Does risk perception limit the climate change mitigation behaviors?," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 1891-1917, August.
    20. Kyoko Fukukawa & Christine Ennew, 2010. "What We Believe Is Not Always What We Do: An Empirical Investigation into Ethically Questionable Behavior in Consumption," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 91(1), pages 49-60, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:26:y:2024:i:7:d:10.1007_s10668-023-03355-1. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.