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Farmers’ participatory-based water conservation behaviors: evidence from Iran

Author

Listed:
  • Naser Valizadeh

    (Tarbiat Modares University (TMU))

  • Masoud Bijani

    (Tarbiat Modares University (TMU))

  • Enayat Abbasi

    (Tarbiat Modares University (TMU))

Abstract

In recent years, Iran has been increasingly faced with severe water scarcity. In this regard, participation of farmers in water conservation activities is proposed as one of the major solutions to this problem. Despite extensive efforts to encourage water conservation activities among Iranian farmers, there are still no thorough knowledge and understanding of the determinants of their participatory-based water conservation behaviors (PBWCB). Accordingly, the present study makes an attempt to develop an appropriate theoretical framework using the norm activation theory (NAT) to analyze farmers’ PBWCB. For this purpose, a sample of 378 Iranian farmers is selected using stratified random sampling method. The results show that the variable of personal norms (as the main predictor of behavior in NAT) could predict a significant percentage (55.7%) of the variance in PBWCB. In addition, other variables, including ascription of responsibility, subjective norms, perceived ability, and awareness of consequences, explained 47.8% of its variance as the main determinants of personal moral/norms. Analysis of the total effects of three water conservation values (egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric values) also revealed that farmers’ PBWCBs are mostly affected by their underlying values. A number of practical recommendations were finally presented to facilitate the implications of the study results for water resource managers, policy-makers, and executives in relevant organizations. Graphic abstract

Suggested Citation

  • Naser Valizadeh & Masoud Bijani & Enayat Abbasi, 2021. "Farmers’ participatory-based water conservation behaviors: evidence from Iran," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 4412-4432, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s10668-020-00781-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-00781-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Najafi Alamdarlo, Hamed & Pourmozafar, Hosein & Vakilpoor, Mohamad Hasan, 2019. "Improving demand technology and internalizing external effects in groundwater market framework, case study: Qazvin plain in Iran," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 164-173.
    2. Varghese, Shalet Korattukudy & Veettil, Prakashan Chellattan & Speelman, Stijn & Buysse, Jeroen & Van Huylenbroeck, Guido, 2013. "Estimating the causal effect of water scarcity on the groundwater use efficiency of rice farming in South India," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 55-64.
    3. Azizi Khalkheili, Taher & Zamani, Gholam Hosein, 2009. "Farmer participation in irrigation management: The case of Doroodzan Dam Irrigation Network, Iran," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(5), pages 859-865, May.
    4. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    5. Ebrahimi Sarcheshmeh, Elaheh & Bijani, Masoud & Sadighi, Hassan, 2018. "Adoption behavior towards the use of nuclear technology in agriculture: A causal analysis," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 175-182.
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    1. Wang, Mingliang & Gong, Shunlong & Liang, Luyu & Bai, Li & Weng, Zhenlin & Tang, Jin, 2023. "Norms triumph over self-interest! The role of perceived values and different norms on sustainable agricultural practices," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).

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