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A multi-actor and bottom-up perspective on attaining rural water security: qualitative evidence from India

Author

Listed:
  • Mrittika Basu

    (Kyoto University)

  • Rajarshi DasGupta

    (The University of Tokyo
    Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES))

  • Shizuka Hashimoto

    (The University of Tokyo)

  • Satoshi Hoshino

    (Kyoto University)

Abstract

Coordinated actions by actors at different levels with effective community engagement are necessary for sustainable rural water supply and management. However, there are limited studies that analyse and reflect on the lack of coordination among different actors and report the practical ground-level challenges confronted at a local level, in order to increase the robustness and sustainability of rural water supply. Hence, this research brings together actors at three different levels—community, local government and local administration to capture their holistic understanding of actions and strategies, and the possible hurdles which may hinder their implementation. A narrative approach is adapted to derive the outcome based on real-life experiences of the respondents. Prioritized actions are mainly found to follow supply-side approach with a complete lack of demand-responsive strategies or actions as well as focus on providing services at a point of time and not over a period. Despite institutional reforms and changes in laws and strategies, prioritized actions are found to be more regulated by corruption, political intentions and social power relations in the study area. A lack of sense of ownership among local community restricts their participation in operation and maintenance of water sources. The struggle to provide the maintenance and major repairs required to keep water supply operational sustainably are well evident in the study area. While financial constraints are perceived to be a significant barrier in the implementation of the actions, technical and natural hurdles are also identified that demonstrates the need for integrated, contextual and well-coordinated strategies and actions to ensure rural water security. The study lays the ground for a paradigm shift in rural water supply and management in India—from a focus on increasing coverage to a focus on quality infrastructure, regular operation and maintenance and proactive monitoring approaches which will prevent from poorly targeted future investments and lessen the subsequent burden on communities.

Suggested Citation

  • Mrittika Basu & Rajarshi DasGupta & Shizuka Hashimoto & Satoshi Hoshino, 2021. "A multi-actor and bottom-up perspective on attaining rural water security: qualitative evidence from India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 1461-1484, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:2:d:10.1007_s10668-020-00631-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-00631-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mrittika Basu & Satoshi Hoshino & Shizuka Hashimoto, 2016. "A pragmatic analysis of water supply and demand, and adaptive capacity in rural areas: development of Rural Water Insecurity Index," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 81(1), pages 447-466, March.
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    1. Benjamin Ambuehl & Jennifer Inauen, 2022. "Contextualized Measurement Scale Adaptation: A 4-Step Tutorial for Health Psychology Research," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-24, October.

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