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Evaluation of the sustainability of Hakka villages in the Lui–Tui area of Taiwan via emergy analysis

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  • Chun-Fa Cheng

    (National Pingtung University of Science and Technology)

  • Kuo-Tai Cheng

    (National Tsing Hua University
    Indiana University)

Abstract

The traditional Hakka spirit of Taiwan gives the impression of a frugal people who believe in the virtue of hard work, in their relationship with the land and in environmental stewardship. This study contrasts the ecological economic systems of Hakka and non-Hakka villages in the Lui–Tui area in southern Taiwan, and the features of and changes in the development of diverse Hakka villages in the area from the view of ecological economics through emergy analysis methods. The study found that from the 1920s to the 2010s, there were significant differences in environmental sustainability between Hakka and non-Hakka villages in the Lui–Tui area. Hakkas knew how to make good use of environmental resources and properly allocate external economic resources. There were few differences among the Hakka villages, in particular the right militia, former militia and rear militia. Over half a century, Hakkas in the Lui–Tui area used their resources more efficiently. In terms of energy usage density, there was no significant difference between Hakka and non-Hakka villages in the 1920s; however, in the 1970s non-Hakka villages had greater density than Hakka villages.

Suggested Citation

  • Chun-Fa Cheng & Kuo-Tai Cheng, 2018. "Evaluation of the sustainability of Hakka villages in the Lui–Tui area of Taiwan via emergy analysis," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 20(6), pages 2831-2856, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:20:y:2018:i:6:d:10.1007_s10668-017-0019-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-017-0019-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Ajun Wan & Runqiu Tu & Weidong Yue & Yixuan Liu & Yunpeng Wu, 2021. "Construction and case study of rural environmental value-added evaluation system based on emergy theory," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 4715-4734, March.
    2. Ajun Wan & Xiaolei Qi & Weidong Yue & Runqiu Tu, 2022. "Construction and case verification of rural environmental value-added evaluation system," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 1781-1797, February.

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