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Economics of cropping system intensification for small-holder farmers in coastal salt-affected areas in West Bengal: options, challenges and determinants

Author

Listed:
  • Subhasis Mandal

    (ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station)

  • B. Maji

    (ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station)

  • S. K. Sarangi

    (ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station)

  • K. K. Mahanta

    (ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station)

  • U. K. Mandal

    (ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station)

  • D. Burman

    (ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station)

  • S. Digar

    (ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station)

  • M. Mainuddin

    (CSIRO Land and Water Flagship)

  • P. C. Sharma

    (ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute)

Abstract

Farmers in the coastal zone of West Bengal depend mainly on agriculture but constrained with low productivity and hence low income. Productivity constraints attributed to prolonged water logging during and after the wet (kharif) season, soil salinity and the scarcity of low saline irrigation water as the dry (rabi) season progresses. Level of cropping intensification is very low (123%). Experiments were conducted during 2016–2019 at farmers’ field (90 farmers) in this coastal saline zone for finding suitable cropping intensification options. Several new cropping systems have been found feasible that can increase the cropping intensity to 200–300% while providing better income (2–5 times as compared to baseline). Besides, for better utilisation of scarce freshwater resource the vegetable–vegetable–vegetable cropping system was evolved successfully through solar powered drip irrigation system and low-cost drip irrigation system. Such cropping systems provided higher profitability as compared to the existing farming practices. The paper also highlighted various determinants that may influence the adoption of these new cropping systems by the farmers and the possible strategic options therein.

Suggested Citation

  • Subhasis Mandal & B. Maji & S. K. Sarangi & K. K. Mahanta & U. K. Mandal & D. Burman & S. Digar & M. Mainuddin & P. C. Sharma, 2020. "Economics of cropping system intensification for small-holder farmers in coastal salt-affected areas in West Bengal: options, challenges and determinants," DECISION: Official Journal of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Springer;Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, vol. 47(1), pages 19-33, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:decisn:v:47:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1007_s40622-020-00236-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s40622-020-00236-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mandal, Subhasis & Burman, D. & Mandal, U.K. & Lama, T.D. & Maji, B. & Sharma, P.C., 2017. "Challenges, Options and Strategies for Doubling Farmers’ Income in West Bengal –Reflections from Coastal Region," Agricultural Economics Research Review, Agricultural Economics Research Association (India), vol. 30(Conferenc).
    2. Tuong, T. P., 2014. "Messages from the Ganges Basin development challenge: unlocking the production potential of the polders of the coastal zone of Bangladesh through water management investment and reform," IWMI Working Papers H046498, International Water Management Institute.
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    4. Mandal, Subhasis & Sarangi, S.K. & Burman, D. & Bandyopadhyay, B.K. & Maji, B. & Mandal, U.K. & Sharma, D.K., 2013. "Land Shaping Models for Enhancing Agricultural Productivity in Salt Affected Coastal Areas of West Bengal – An Economic Analysis," Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Indian Society of Agricultural Economics, vol. 68(3), pages 1-13.
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    7. Shiv Raj Singh & Subhasis Mandal & K. K. Datta & Uttam Bhattacharya, 2015. "Policy Intervention in West Bengal Agriculture: Role of Diversification," India Studies in Business and Economics, in: Madhusudan Ghosh & Debashis Sarkar & Bidhan Chandra Roy (ed.), Diversification of Agriculture in Eastern India, edition 127, chapter 16, pages 183-194, Springer.
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    2. Md Jahangir Alam & Abdullah- Al-Mahmud & Md Aminul Islam & Md Faruque Hossain & Md Akkas Ali & Eldessoky S. Dessoky & Ehab I. El-Hallous & Mohamed M. Hassan & Nasrin Begum & Akbar Hossain, 2021. "Crop Diversification in Rice—Based Cropping Systems Improves the System Productivity, Profitability and Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-19, June.
    3. Goswami, Rupak & Roy, Kalyan & Dutta, Sudarshan & Ray, Krishnendu & Sarkar, Sukamal & Brahmachari, Koushik & Nanda, Manoj Kr. & Mainuddin, Mohammed & Banerjee, Hirak & Timsina, Jagadish & Majumdar, Ka, 2021. "Multi-faceted impact and outcome of COVID-19 on smallholder agricultural systems: Integrating qualitative research and fuzzy cognitive mapping to explore resilient strategies," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    4. Rupak Goswami & Riya Roy & Dipjyoti Gangopadhyay & Poulami Sen & Kalyan Roy & Sukamal Sarkar & Sanchayeeta Misra & Krishnendu Ray & Marta Monjardino & Mohammed Mainuddin, 2024. "Understanding Resource Recycling and Land Management to Upscale Zero-Tillage Potato Cultivation in the Coastal Indian Sundarbans," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-23, January.
    5. Renji Remesan & Arjun Prabhakaran & Macariush N. Sangma & Sreekanth Janardhanan & Mohammed Mainuddin & Sukanta K. Sarangi & Uttam Kumar Mandal & Dhiman Burman & Sukamal Sarkar & Kshirenda Kumar Mahant, 2021. "Modeling and Management Option Analysis for Saline Groundwater Drainage in a Deltaic Island," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-20, June.
    6. Maniruzzaman, M. & Sarangi, S.K. & Mainuddin, M. & Biswas, J.C. & Bell, R.W. & Hossain, M.B. & Paul, P.L.C. & Kabir, Md.J. & Digar, S. & Mandal, S. & Maji, B. & Burman, D. & Mandal, U.K. & Mahanta, K., 2024. "A novel system for boosting land productivity and income of smallholder farmers by intercropping vegetables in waterlogged paddy fields in the coastal zone of the Ganges Delta," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).

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