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Effect of HIV-Related Stigma and HIV-Related Stress on HIV Disclosure Concerns: a Study of HIV-Positive Persons on Antiretroviral Therapy at Two Urban Hospitals in Ghana

Author

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  • Nella Otoobea Anakwa

    (University of Ghana)

  • Enoch Teye-Kwadjo

    (University of Ghana)

  • Irene A. Kretchy

    (University of Ghana)

Abstract

Limited research has examined HIV disclosure concerns and the role that HIV-related stigma and HIV-related stress play in disclosure in HIV care in Ghana. We explored HIV status disclosure concerns among 235 people living with HIV (PLHIV) and attending two general hospitals in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyse the data. Our results showed that PLHIV who experienced higher levels of perceived HIV-related stigma reported greater levels of HIV disclosure concerns, and therefore were more likely not to disclose their HIV-positive status. In addition, we found that PLHIV who reported experiencing higher levels of HIV-related emotional stress also reported greater levels of HIV disclosure concerns. HIV-related instrumental stress was negatively associated with HIV disclosure concerns, suggesting that PLHIV who reported having greater access to money, food, transport, healthcare system, treatment, and antiretroviral medication were less likely to experience HIV disclosure concerns. The current data demonstrate that interventions that help to reduce HIV-related stigma and HIV-related stress may increase HIV status disclosure, thereby improving the psychological health of PLHIV in Ghana.

Suggested Citation

  • Nella Otoobea Anakwa & Enoch Teye-Kwadjo & Irene A. Kretchy, 2021. "Effect of HIV-Related Stigma and HIV-Related Stress on HIV Disclosure Concerns: a Study of HIV-Positive Persons on Antiretroviral Therapy at Two Urban Hospitals in Ghana," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 16(3), pages 1249-1264, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ariqol:v:16:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s11482-020-09813-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s11482-020-09813-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maria H Lindberg & Lena Wettergren & Maria Wiklander & Veronica Svedhem-Johansson & Lars E Eriksson, 2014. "Psychometric Evaluation of the HIV Stigma Scale in a Swedish Context," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(12), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Aaron M Kipp & Carolyn M Audet & Valerie A Earnshaw & Jared Owens & Catherine C McGowan & Kenneth A Wallston, 2015. "Re-Validation of the Van Rie HIV/AIDS-Related Stigma Scale for Use with People Living with HIV in the United States," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Simbayi, Leickness C. & Kalichman, Seth & Strebel, Anna & Cloete, Allanise & Henda, Nomvo & Mqeketo, Ayanda, 2007. "Internalized stigma, discrimination, and depression among men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(9), pages 1823-1831, May.
    4. Dima, Alexandra L. & Stutterheim, Sarah E. & Lyimo, Ramsey & de Bruin, Marijn, 2014. "Advancing methodology in the study of HIV status disclosure: The importance of considering disclosure target and intent," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 166-174.
    5. Parker, Richard & Aggleton, Peter, 2003. "HIV and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination: a conceptual framework and implications for action," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 57(1), pages 13-24, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Stanley W. Wanjala & Ezra K. Too & Stanley Luchters & Amina Abubakar, 2021. "Psychometric Properties of the Berger HIV Stigma Scale: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-29, December.

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