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Public Preferences for Introducing a COVID-19 Certificate: A Discrete Choice Experiment in the Netherlands

Author

Listed:
  • J. Veldwijk

    (Erasmus University Rotterdam
    Erasmus University Rotterdam)

  • J. Exel

    (Erasmus University Rotterdam
    Erasmus University Rotterdam)

  • E. W. Bekker-Grob

    (Erasmus University Rotterdam
    Erasmus University Rotterdam)

  • N. Mouter

    (Delft University of Technology)

Abstract

Objective Here we investigate public preferences for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) certificates in the Netherlands, and whether these preferences differ between subgroups in the population. Methods A survey including a discrete choice experiment was administered to 1500 members of the adult population of the Netherlands. Each participant was asked to choose between hypothetical COVID-19 certificates that differed in seven attributes: the starting date, and whether the certificate allowed gathering with multiple people, shopping without appointment, visiting bars and restaurants, visiting cinemas and theatres, attending events, and practising indoor sports. Latent class models (LCMs) were used to determine the attribute relative importance and predicted acceptance rate of hypothetical certificates. Results Three classes of preference patterns were identified in the LCM. One class a priori opposed a certificate (only two attributes influencing preferences), another class was relatively neutral and included all attributes in their decision making, and the final class was positive towards a certificate. Respondents aged > 65 years and those who plan to get vaccinated were more likely to belong to the latter two classes. Being allowed to shop without appointment and to visit bars and restaurants was most important to all respondents, increasing predicted acceptance rate by 12 percentage points. Conclusions Preferences for introduction of a COVID-19 certificate are mixed. A certificate that allows for shopping without appointment and visiting bars and restaurants is likely to increase acceptance. The support of younger citizens and those who plan to get vaccinated seems most sensitive to the specific freedoms granted by a COVID-19 certificate.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Veldwijk & J. Exel & E. W. Bekker-Grob & N. Mouter, 2023. "Public Preferences for Introducing a COVID-19 Certificate: A Discrete Choice Experiment in the Netherlands," Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 603-614, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:aphecp:v:21:y:2023:i:4:d:10.1007_s40258-023-00808-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s40258-023-00808-6
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    1. Miquel Oliu-Barton & Bary S. R. Pradelski & Nicolas Woloszko & Lionel Guetta-Jeanrenaud & Philippe Aghion & Patrick Artus & Arnaud Fontanet & Philippe Martin & Guntram B. Wolff, 2022. "The effect of COVID certificates on vaccine uptake, health outcomes, and the economy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Philippe Aghion & Guntram B. Wolff & Philippe Martin & Lionel Guetta-Jeanrenaud & Bary Pradelski & Miquel Oliu-Barton & Nicolas Woloszko & Patrick Artus & Arnaud Fontanet, 2022. "The effect of COVID certificates on vaccine uptake, public health, and the economy," Bruegel Working Papers 46695, Bruegel.
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