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Prawa ceteris rectis w ekonomii

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  • Łukasz Hardt

Abstract

Celem artykułu jest interpretacja praw ekonomicznych jako stwierdzeń odnoszących się do warunków normalnych. Punktem wyjścia tekstu jest przedstawienie problemów związanych z rozumieniem praw naukowych, w tym ekonomicznych, w kategoriach ceteris paribus. Następnie analiza biegnie w kierunku wykazania, że trudności m.in. związane z dopełnieniem praw ceteris paribus, a więc wyspecyfikowaniem w ich poprzednikach wszelkich czynników nieobecnych i niezmiennych, powinny prowadzić do przyjęcia ich normalnościowej interpretacji, w ramach której zamiast twierdzić „ceteris paribus, jeśli A, to B” stwierdza się „ceteris rectis, jeśli A, to B”, i gdzie ceteris rectis rozumie się jako „w naturze A jest powodowanie B”. Taka interpretacja zawiera się w znaczeniowo szerszym rozumieniu tej klauzuli jako „przy innych warunkach w porządku”. Tego typu rozważania, silnie osadzone w filozofii nauki, są w tekście ilustrowane przykładami zaczerpniętymi z ekonomii m.in. dotyczącymi relacji między ceną pieniądza a aktywnością inwestycyjną przedsiębiorstw, czy zmiennymi obecnymi w prawie popytu. Konkluzją artykułu jest stwierdzenie, że prawa ekonomiczne nie tylko zawierają implicite bądź explicite klauzulę ceteris paribus, ale również, iż obecny w nich jest zwykle warunek ceteris rectis. Takie rozumienie praw ekonomicznych kwestionuje możliwość sformułowania w ramach teorii ekonomii uniwersalnych praw naukowych.

Suggested Citation

  • Łukasz Hardt, 2018. "Prawa ceteris rectis w ekonomii," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 1, pages 9-31.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2018:i:1:p:9-31
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    prawa naukowe w ekonomii; klauzula ceteris paribus; prawa ceteris rectis; filozofia ekonomii;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B41 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Economic Methodology - - - Economic Methodology

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