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Inclusión financiera y ahorro en México: un análisis logístico binario y de redes neuronales artificiales/Financial inclusion and savings in Mexico: a binary logistic and artificial neural networks analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Díaz, Héctor

    (Facultad de Economía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.)

  • Sosa, Miriam

    (Departamento de Administración, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México, México.)

  • Ortiz, Edgar

    (Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.)

Abstract

El tema de la inclusión financiera como condición necesaria del desarrollo económico, ha sido tratada ampliamente en los últimos años. Estudios relacionados, resaltan diferentes mecanismos a través de los cuales el uso más extenso de productos financieros pueden acelerar el crecimiento económico mediante la canalización y expansión del ahorro y, posteriormente al generar inversiones, incrementar las posibilidades de elección de consumo intertemporal a lo largo del ciclo de vida de la población y poder acceder así a recursos para educación, salud, vivienda, etcétera, además de brindar la posibilidad de mitigar riesgos. En el presente estudio se analiza con microdatos de la encuesta de Inclusión Financiera Global (Global Findex) del Banco Mundial, el impacto que, sobre la formación del ahorro, tiene un mayor acceso a servicios financieros en México, mediante las técnicas de análisis Logístico Binario y de Redes Neuronales Artificiales. Los resultados muestran que, contrario a la visión general, la mayor penetración de servicios financieros ha fungido como inhibidora del ahorro, principalmente, por el alto diferencial entre las tasas de interés activas y pasivas; la orientación bancaria a otorgar crédito para el consumo y poco para la inversión real, y adicionalmente, debido a factores de carácter socioeconómico, como el nivel de ingreso y educación./The issue of financial inclusion as a necessary condition for economic development has been dealt extensively in recent years. Related studies focus on different mechanisms through which a wider use of financial products can accelerate economic growth by channeling and expanding savings and, subsequently, by generating investments, increase the possibilities of choosing intertemporal consumption throughout the life cycle of the population such that individuals can access educational resources, health, housing, etc., as well as providing the possibility of mitigating risks. Employing microdata from the Global Financial Inclusion Survey of the World Bank, this study analyzes the impact that greater access to financial services has on savings formation in Mexico. The methodology includes Binary Logistic analysis and Artificial Neural Networks. The results show that, contrary to the general view, the greater penetration of financial services has served as an inhibitor of savings, mainly due to the high differential between the active and passive interest rates, as well as to a biased bank orientation to grant credits for consumption rather than for real investments, and additionally to some socioeconomic factors like income levels and education.

Suggested Citation

  • Díaz, Héctor & Sosa, Miriam & Ortiz, Edgar, 2018. "Inclusión financiera y ahorro en México: un análisis logístico binario y de redes neuronales artificiales/Financial inclusion and savings in Mexico: a binary logistic and artificial neural networks an," Estocástica: finanzas y riesgo, Departamento de Administración de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco, vol. 8(1), pages 53-84, enero-jun.
  • Handle: RePEc:sfr:efruam:v:8:y:2018:i:1:p:53-84
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    inclusión financiera; ahorro; México;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • C45 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Neural Networks and Related Topics
    • G38 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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