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Системный подход к достижению общенациональной цели по увеличению ожидаемой продолжительности жизни до 78 лет к 2024 году // A System Approach to Achieving the National Goal of Increasing Life Expectancy to 78 years by 2024

Author

Listed:
  • G. Ulumbekova E.

    (Higher School of Health Care Organization and Management, Moscow)

  • N. Prokhorenko F.

    (Higher School of Health Care Organization and Management, Moscow)

  • A. Kalashnikova V.

    (Higher School of Health Care Organization and Management, Moscow)

  • A. Ghinoyan B.

    (Higher School of Health Care Organization and Management, Moscow)

  • Г. Улумбекова Э.

    (Высшая школа организации и управления здравоохранением)

  • Н. Прохоренко Ф.

    (Высшая школа организации и управления здравоохранением)

  • А. Калашникова В.

    (Высшая школа организации и управления здравоохранением)

  • А. Гиноян Б.

    (Высшая школа организации и управления здравоохранением)

Abstract

The paper defines conditions to achieve the national goal of increasing the lifetime in the Russian Federation to 78 years by 2024 as set in Presidential Decree No. 204 of May 7, 2018. The measures proposed in the Healthcare and Demography national projects are analyzed and additional measures to improve public health are proposed. It is shown that because of inadequate government expenditures on medicines for outpatients, the financial burden of their acquisition by people is four times as much compared to the government spending. It was revealed that to achieve life expectancy of 78 years by 2024, the public healthcare per capita expenditures should grow by 15% annually in constant prices, providing that the country’s GRP per capita increases by 1.7% in 2019, by 3% in 2020 and by 4% in the period of 2021–2024, while the consumption of strong alcoholic beverages decreases by 45% per capita. In the Healthcare national project the healthcare expenditure growth rates are defined to be below 10% at current prices. The paper concludes that the achievement of this goal requires additional government expenditures (including those in the framework of the Healthcare national project). The funds should also be directed to expanding the availability of medicines for outpatients, programs for reducing mortality from infectious diseases, and increasing salaries of lower medical personnel. For the implementation of the Demography national project, particular targets should be set to reduce the alcohol consumption by 45% until 2024, with twofold reduction of the proportion of smokers, along with additional measures to implement the anti-alcohol and anti-tobacco policy and promote healthy living among the population. В статье определены условия, при реализации которых можно достичь национальной цели по увеличению ожидаемой продолжительности жизни населения Российской Федерации до 78 лет к 2024 г., поставленной в Указе Президента РФ от 07.05.2018 № 204. Проанализированы меры, предложенные в национальных проектах «Здравоохранение» и «Демография» и предложены дополнительные направления для действий с точки зрения улучшения здоровья населения. Показано, что вследствие недостаточных расходов государства на лекарства в амбулаторных условиях население Российской Федерации вынуждено нести в четыре раза большую финансовую нагрузку по расходам на них, чем государство. Выявлено, что для достижения ожидаемой продолжительности жизни 78 лет к 2024 г. при условиях, что прирост ВРП на душу населения страны в 2019 г. составит 1,7%, в 2020 г.— 3%, а за период 2021–2024 гг.— 4%, потребление крепких алкогольных напитков снизится на 45% в расчете на душу населения, госрасходы на здравоохранение на душу населения должны ежегодно расти на 15% в постоянных ценах. В национальном проекте «Здравоохранение» заложен темп прироста расходов на здравоохранение не более чем 10% в текущих ценах. В статье сделан вывод, что для достижения названной цели потребуется дополнительное увеличение государственных расходов на здравоохранение (в том числе в рамках национального проекта «Здравоохранение»). Эти средства необходимо также направить на расширение доступности лекарственных препаратов для населения в амбулаторных условиях, программы по снижению смертности от инфекционных болезней и увеличение оплаты труда медицинских работников первичного звена. В части реализации национального проекта «Демография» необходимо поставить к 2024 г. конкретные цели по снижению потребления алкоголя на 45% и сокращения доли курящих в два раза, а также предпринять дополнительные меры по реализации антиалкогольной и антитабачной политики, формированию у населения мотивации к здоровому образу жизни.

Suggested Citation

  • G. Ulumbekova E. & N. Prokhorenko F. & A. Kalashnikova V. & A. Ghinoyan B. & Г. Улумбекова Э. & Н. Прохоренко Ф. & А. Калашникова В. & А. Гиноян Б., 2019. "Системный подход к достижению общенациональной цели по увеличению ожидаемой продолжительности жизни до 78 лет к 2024 году // A System Approach to Achieving the National Goal of Increasing Life Expecta," Экономика. Налоги. Право // Economics, taxes & law, ФГОБУ "Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации" // Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation, vol. 12(2), pages 19-30.
  • Handle: RePEc:scn:econom:y:2019:i:2:p:19-30
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    References listed on IDEAS

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