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Is Participation in the Tourism Market an Opportunity for Everyone? Some Evidence from Italy

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  • Cristina Bernini

    (Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belle Arti 41, Bologna 40126, Italy, and Center for Advanced Studies in Tourism, University of Bologna, via Angherà 22, 47921 Rimini, Italy)

  • Maria Francesca Cracolici

    (Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, V.le delle Scienze Ed. 13, Palermo 90128, Italy)

Abstract

This paper investigates whether there are differences in tourism consumption behaviour among families by analysing the main determinants of tourism participation at national and international levels. In particular, it explores whether tourism is becoming part of the lifestyle of Italians or whether it is still a luxury good only for the privileged. A Heckman model was used on micro-data on Italian family expenditure over the period 1997–2007, and an income elasticity analysis for different personal and household characteristics was carried out. The results show that participation in the tourism market is strongly affected by the personal characteristics of individuals and that tourism consumption is an income-sensitive good. The analysis reveals that tourism is generally a luxury good. Income elasticity analysis shows both similarities as well as differences in Italian tourism consumption patterns at national and international levels. The authors find that consumption behaviour in tourism is affected not only by economic constraints but also by cultural and territorial factors.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristina Bernini & Maria Francesca Cracolici, 2016. "Is Participation in the Tourism Market an Opportunity for Everyone? Some Evidence from Italy," Tourism Economics, , vol. 22(1), pages 57-79, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:toueco:v:22:y:2016:i:1:p:57-79
    DOI: 10.5367/te.2014.0409
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    9. Cristina Bernini & Maria Francesca Cracolici & Peter Nijkamp, 2020. "Micro and Macro Resilience Measures of an Economic Crisis," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 47-71, March.
    10. Cristina Bernini & Maria Francesca Cracolici & Cinzia Viroli, 2017. "Does Tourism Consumption Behaviour Mirror Differences in Living Standards?," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 134(3), pages 1157-1171, December.
    11. Mariia Ilina, 2016. "Forecasting perspectives of the tourism industry development in the condition of economic depression," Economics of Nature and the Environment, Mykhaylo Khvesyk, pages 237-246.

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