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The Age-Period-Cohort-Interaction Model for Describing and Investigating Inter-cohort Deviations and Intra-cohort Life-course Dynamics

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  • Liying Luo
  • James S. Hodges

Abstract

Social scientists have frequently sought to understand the distinct effects of age, period, and cohort, but disaggregation of the three dimensions is difficult because cohort = period − age. We argue that this technical difficulty reflects a disconnection between how the cohort effect is conceptualized and how it is modeled in the traditional age-period-cohort framework. We propose a new method, called the age-period-cohort-interaction (APC-I) model, that is qualitatively different from previous methods in that it represents Ryder’s theoretical account about the conditions under which cohort differentiation may arise. This APC-I model does not require problematic statistical assumptions and the interpretation is straightforward. It quantifies inter-cohort deviations from the age and period main effects and also permits hypothesis testing about intra-cohort life-course dynamics. We demonstrate how this new model can be used to examine age, period, and cohort patterns in women’s labor force participation.

Suggested Citation

  • Liying Luo & James S. Hodges, 2022. "The Age-Period-Cohort-Interaction Model for Describing and Investigating Inter-cohort Deviations and Intra-cohort Life-course Dynamics," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 51(3), pages 1164-1210, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:somere:v:51:y:2022:i:3:p:1164-1210
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124119882451
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Claudia Goldin & Lawrence F. Katz, 2018. "Women Working Longer: Increased Employment at Older Ages," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number gold-12, January.
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