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Suppressor Variables in Path Models

Author

Listed:
  • GERARD H. MAASSEN

    (Utrecht University, the Netherlands)

  • ARNOLD B. BAKKER

    (Utrecht University, the Netherlands)

Abstract

Suppressor variables are well known in the context of multiple regression analysis. Using several examples, the authors demonstrate that the different forms of the suppressor phenomenon described in the literature occur not only in prediction equations but also in the explanatory use of multiple regression, including structural equations models. Moreover, they show that the probability of their occurrence is relatively high in models with latent variables, in which the suppressed variable is corrected for measurement errors. Special attention will be paid to the two-wave model since this is particularly liable to the suppressor phenomenon. The occurrence of suppression in structural equations models is usually not foreseen and confronts researchers with problems of interpretation. The authors discuss definitions of the suppressor phenomenon, show how the unwary researcher can be warned against it, and present guidelines for the interpretation of the results.

Suggested Citation

  • Gerard H. Maassen & Arnold B. Bakker, 2001. "Suppressor Variables in Path Models," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 30(2), pages 241-270, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:somere:v:30:y:2001:i:2:p:241-270
    DOI: 10.1177/0049124101030002004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gerard Maassen, 1991. "The use of positively and negatively phrased items and the fit of a factor solution," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 91-101, February.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Camfferman, Roxanna & Jansen, Pauline W. & Rippe, Ralph C.A. & Mesman, Judi & Derks, Ivonne P.M. & Tiemeier, Henning & Jaddoe, Vincent & van der Veek, Shelley M.C., 2016. "The association between overweight and internalizing and externalizing behavior in early childhood," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 35-42.
    3. Lee, Yong-Ki & Lee, Choong-Ki & Lee, Seung-Kon & Babin, Barry J., 2008. "Festivalscapes and patrons' emotions, satisfaction, and loyalty," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 56-64, January.
    4. Zajenkowski, Marcin & Gignac, Gilles E., 2018. "Why do angry people overestimate their intelligence? Neuroticism as a suppressor of the association between Trait-Anger and subjectively assessed intelligence," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 12-21.
    5. Kim, Hyejeong & Niehm, Linda S., 2009. "The Impact of Website Quality on Information Quality, Value, and Loyalty Intentions in Apparel Retailing," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 221-233.
    6. White, Lynn & McQuillan, Julia & Greil, Arthur L. & Johnson, David R., 2006. "Infertility: Testing a helpseeking model," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(4), pages 1031-1041, February.

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