IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/sagope/v11y2021i2p21582440211022325.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

What Are The Channels Through Which Bank Liquidity Creation Affects GDP? Evidence From an Emerging Country

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Umar
  • Muhammad Safdar Sial
  • Yan Xu

Abstract

Gross domestic product (GDP) depends on myriad factor and financial intermediaries especially banks play a very important role in economic growth and development of a country. They not only lend loans rather also generate liquidity—which is very important for the smooth functioning of an economy. Therefore, this study explores the channels through which bank liquidity creation affects GDP. It uses the data from listed and unlisted Chinese banks ranging from the year 2006 to 2017. The results of the analysis reveal that the liquidity creation by Chinese banks significantly negatively affects economic output. The magnitude of the impact of small-bank liquidity creation is greater than the large banks. Variation in the GDP is explained by current and previous year’s liquidity creation. Cat-fat measure of liquidity creation affects GDP directly as well as through consumption, investment, government expenditure, and net exports channels; however, cat-nonfat measure affects economic output directly and through all aforementioned channels except net exports. Overall, the findings support the hypothesis that liquidity creation affects the economy directly as well as through different channels.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Umar & Muhammad Safdar Sial & Yan Xu, 2021. "What Are The Channels Through Which Bank Liquidity Creation Affects GDP? Evidence From an Emerging Country," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(2), pages 21582440211, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:11:y:2021:i:2:p:21582440211022325
    DOI: 10.1177/21582440211022325
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/21582440211022325
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/21582440211022325?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jith Jayaratne & Philip E. Strahan, 1996. "The Finance-Growth Nexus: Evidence from Bank Branch Deregulation," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 111(3), pages 639-670.
    2. Allen N. Berger & Christa H. S. Bouwman, 2009. "Bank Liquidity Creation," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(9), pages 3779-3837, September.
    3. Greenwood, Jeremy & Jovanovic, Boyan, 1990. "Financial Development, Growth, and the Distribution of Income," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 98(5), pages 1076-1107, October.
    4. Acharya, Viral & Naqvi, Hassan, 2012. "The seeds of a crisis: A theory of bank liquidity and risk taking over the business cycle," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 106(2), pages 349-366.
    5. Robert G. King & Ross Levine, 1993. "Finance and Growth: Schumpeter Might Be Right," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 108(3), pages 717-737.
    6. Levine, Ross & Zervos, Sara, 1998. "Stock Markets, Banks, and Economic Growth," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 88(3), pages 537-558, June.
    7. Comunale, Mariarosaria, 2017. "Dutch disease, real effective exchange rate misalignments and their effect on GDP growth in EU," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(PB), pages 350-370.
    8. Nicola Cetorelli & Philip E. Strahan, 2006. "Finance as a Barrier to Entry: Bank Competition and Industry Structure in Local U.S. Markets," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 61(1), pages 437-461, February.
    9. Tara Rice & Philip E. Strahan, 2010. "Does Credit Competition Affect Small‐Firm Finance?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 65(3), pages 861-889, June.
    10. Lei, Adrian C.H. & Song, Zhuoyun, 2013. "Liquidity creation and bank capital structure in China," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 188-202.
    11. Chatterjee, Ujjal K., 2018. "Bank liquidity creation and recessions," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 64-75.
    12. Bekaert, Geert & Harvey, Campbell R. & Lundblad, Christian, 2005. "Does financial liberalization spur growth?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(1), pages 3-55, July.
    13. Robert DeYoung & William Hunter & Gregory Udell, 2004. "The Past, Present, and Probable Future for Community Banks," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 25(2), pages 85-133, April.
    14. Laeven, Luc & Levine, Ross, 2009. "Bank governance, regulation and risk taking," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(2), pages 259-275, August.
    15. Douglas W. Diamond & Raghuram G. Rajan, 2005. "Liquidity Shortages and Banking Crises," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(2), pages 615-647, April.
    16. repec:zbw:bofitp:2013_002 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Douglas W. Diamond & Philip H. Dybvig, 2000. "Bank runs, deposit insurance, and liquidity," Quarterly Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, vol. 24(Win), pages 14-23.
    18. Jean Arcand & Enrico Berkes & Ugo Panizza, 2015. "Too much finance?," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 105-148, June.
    19. Stephan Kohns, 2017. "Monetary Policy and Financial Stability," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 15(1), pages 17-18, 04.
    20. Roman Horváth & Jakub Seidler & Laurent Weill, 2014. "Bank Capital and Liquidity Creation: Granger-Causality Evidence," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 45(3), pages 341-361, June.
    21. Sandra E. Black & Philip E. Strahan, 2002. "Entrepreneurship and Bank Credit Availability," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(6), pages 2807-2833, December.
    22. Constantin ANGHELACHE & Alexandru MANOLE & Mădălina Gabriela ANGHEL, 2015. "Analysis of final consumption and gross investment influence on GDP – multiple linear regression model," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(3(604), A), pages 137-142, Autumn.
    23. Berger, Allen N. & Sedunov, John, 2017. "Bank liquidity creation and real economic output," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 1-19.
    24. Distinguin, Isabelle & Roulet, Caroline & Tarazi, Amine, 2013. "Bank regulatory capital and liquidity: Evidence from US and European publicly traded banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(9), pages 3295-3317.
    25. Davydov, Denis & Fungáčová, Zuzana & Weill, Laurent, 2018. "Cyclicality of bank liquidity creation," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 81-93.
    26. Stephan Kohns, 2017. "Monetary Policy and Financial Stability," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 15(01), pages 17-18, April.
    27. Berger, Allen N. & Bouwman, Christa H.S., 2017. "Bank liquidity creation, monetary policy, and financial crises," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 139-155.
    28. Lardic, Sandrine & Mignon, Valerie, 2006. "The impact of oil prices on GDP in European countries: An empirical investigation based on asymmetric cointegration," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(18), pages 3910-3915, December.
    29. Hou, Xiaohui & Li, Shuo & Li, Wanli & Wang, Qing, 2018. "Bank diversification and liquidity creation: Panel Granger-causality evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 87-98.
    30. Imbierowicz, Björn & Rauch, Christian, 2014. "The relationship between liquidity risk and credit risk in banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 242-256.
    31. Karthik Krishnan & Debarshi K. Nandy & Manju Puri, 2015. "Does Financing Spur Small Business Productivity? Evidence from a Natural Experiment," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 28(6), pages 1768-1809.
    32. Anil K. Kashyap & Jeremy C. Stein, 1997. "What Do a Million Banks Have to Say About the Transmission of Monetary Policy?," NBER Working Papers 6056, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    33. Jamel Boukhatem & Fatma Ben Moussa, 2018. "The effect of Islamic banks on GDP growth: Some evidence from selected MENA countries," Borsa Istanbul Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 18(3), pages 231-247, September.
    34. repec:ces:ifodic:v:15:y:2017:i:1:p:19307486 is not listed on IDEAS
    35. Muhammad Umar & Gang Sun, 2016. "Bank leverage and stock liquidity: evidence from BRICS countries," Journal of Financial Economic Policy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 8(3), pages 298-315, August.
    36. repec:agr:journl:v:3(604):y:2015:i:3(604):p:137-142 is not listed on IDEAS
    37. Huang, Shu-Chun & Chen, Wei-Da & Chen, Yehning, 2018. "Bank liquidity creation and CEO optimism," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 101-117.
    38. Berger, Allen N. & Bouwman, Christa H.S. & Kick, Thomas & Schaeck, Klaus, 2016. "Bank liquidity creation following regulatory interventions and capital support," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 115-141.
    39. Muhammad Umar & Gang Sun, 2016. "Determinants of different types of bank liquidity: evidence from BRICS countries," China Finance Review International, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 6(4), pages 380-403, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Berger, Allen N. & Sedunov, John, 2017. "Bank liquidity creation and real economic output," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 1-19.
    2. Berger, Allen N. & Molyneux, Phil & Wilson, John O.S., 2020. "Banks and the real economy: An assessment of the research," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    3. Gupta, Juhi & Kashiramka, Smita & Ly, Kim Cuong & Pham, Ha, 2023. "The interrelationship between bank capital and liquidity creation: A non-linear perspective from the Asia-Pacific region," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 793-820.
    4. Duan, Ying & Niu, Jijun, 2020. "Liquidity creation and bank profitability," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    5. Anas Alaoui Mdaghri & Lahsen Oubdi, 2022. "Bank-Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Bank Liquidity Creation: Evidence from MENA Countries," Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Central bank of Montenegro, vol. 11(2), pages 55-76.
    6. Muhammad Saifuddin Khan, 2018. "The Role of Liquidity in Financial Intermediation," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 1-2018, January-A.
    7. Huang, Shu-Chun & Chen, Wei-Da & Chen, Yehning, 2018. "Bank liquidity creation and CEO optimism," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 101-117.
    8. Gao, Bo & Li, Junjiang & Shi, Benye & Wang, Xiaojuan, 2020. "Internal conflict and Bank liquidity creation: Evidence from the belt and Road initiative," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    9. Yeddou, Nacera & Pourroy, Marc, 2020. "Bank liquidity creation: Does ownership structure matter?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 116-131.
    10. Osoro, Jared & Josea, Kiplangat, 2022. "Banking system adjustment to shock: The Kenyan case of liquidity-profitability trade-offs," KBA Centre for Research on Financial Markets and Policy Working Paper Series 56, Kenya Bankers Association (KBA).
    11. Khoo, Joye & Zheng, Chen & Pathan, Shams, 2024. "The beneficial effect of common ownership: Evidence from bank liquidity creation," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    12. Kladakis, George & Chen, Lei & Bellos, Sotirios K., 2022. "Bank regulation, supervision and liquidity creation," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    13. Zheng, Chen & (Wai Kong) Cheung, Adrian & Cronje, Tom, 2019. "The moderating role of capital on the relationship between bank liquidity creation and failure risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    14. Fang, Yi & Wang, Qi & Wang, Fan & Zhao, Yang, 2023. "Bank fintech, liquidity creation, and risk-taking: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    15. Davydov, Denis & Vähämaa, Sami & Yasar, Sara, 2021. "Bank liquidity creation and systemic risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    16. Thi Nguyen, Loan Quynh & Matousek, Roman & Muradoglu, Gulnur, 2024. "Bank capital, liquidity creation and the moderating role of bank culture: An investigation using a machine learning approach," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    17. Tang, Ying & Li, Zhiyong & Chen, Jing & Deng, Chao, 2021. "Liquidity creation cyclicality, capital regulation and interbank credit: Evidence from Chinese commercial banks," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    18. Dang, Van Dan & Huynh, Japan, 2022. "Bank funding, market power, and the bank liquidity creation channel of monetary policy," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    19. Berger, Allen N. & Li, Xinming & Saheruddin, Herman & Zhao, Daxuan, 2024. "Government guarantees and bank liquidity creation around the world," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    20. Lu, Yiming & Wang, Yu, 2023. "Bank liquidity hoarding and bank systemic risk: The moderating effect of economic policy uncertainty," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:11:y:2021:i:2:p:21582440211022325. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.