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An Efficiency Analysis of Micro Units in a Fragile Zone: A Panel Study of the Firms in J&K, India

Author

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  • Javaid Iqbal Khan
  • Mehak Majeed
  • Saeed Owais Mushtaq

Abstract

The micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are the backbone of the community development in the developing world. In the fragile and backward regions, it is the micro enterprise that is considered to be the engine of growth and development. Being labour-intensive and requiring lesser capital input, the micro unit start-ups demand lesser investment in plant and machinery, attracting more and more potential entrepreneurs. Over the time, such units gain experience and knowledge becoming more efficient. This article studies the firms located in the fragile and geographically remote region of Jammu and Kashmir. The article uses a panel of 15 years from 2002 to 2016 based on the Annual Survey of Industries data. Using the Stochastic Frontier Analysis, the article studies the MSMEs and the micro units. From the post-estimation, technical efficiency scores are attained for both MSMEs and the micro units. The results reveal that the micro units are more efficient than the MSMEs in general. Tobit regression is used to estimate the technical inefficiency model to determine the factors that contribute to the inefficiency present in the micro units. The results show that there is a negative relationship between the efficiency of the micro unit firms and the asset-liability ratio and the loan-liability ratio, while there is a positive relationship between the private ownership of the firm and the efficiency level. Age of the firm is considered separately to validate the ‘learning theory’ by Jovanovic. The article concludes by suggesting that the government must provide adequate boost and a big-push to the micro units in order to eradicate the widespread unemployment and fragility in the region. JEL Classification: F61, L25

Suggested Citation

  • Javaid Iqbal Khan & Mehak Majeed & Saeed Owais Mushtaq, 2021. "An Efficiency Analysis of Micro Units in a Fragile Zone: A Panel Study of the Firms in J&K, India," Review of Market Integration, India Development Foundation, vol. 13(1), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:revmar:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:1-19
    DOI: 10.1177/09749292211044847
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mehak Majeed & Zahid Gulzar Rather & Saeed Owais Mushtaq, 2024. "Informal enterprise as harbinger of women empowerment in India," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 26(2), pages 435-456, August.
    2. Mehak Majeed & Saeed Owais Mushtaq & Javaid Iqbal Khan, 2022. "Perspectives into the Industrialization Process of India Through the New Economic Geography Lens," Journal of Quantitative Economics, Springer;The Indian Econometric Society (TIES), vol. 20(2), pages 437-458, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    MSMEs; micro units; SFA; technical efficiency;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F61 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Microeconomic Impacts
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance

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