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Assessment of Public and External Debt Sustainability Using Debt Dynamics Equation Approach: A Comparative Study of Pakistan and India

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  • Khurram Ejaz Chandia
  • Sania Riaz
  • Attiya Y. Javid
  • Muhammad Badar Iqbal
  • Mariam Azam
  • Ifra Gul

Abstract

The study examines the sustainability of public and external debt burden of Pakistan and India for the period 1971–2017. The debt dynamics equation for public debt uses two components for the analysis of public debt sustainability, namely, interest rate–growth rate differential and differential of primary budget balance-to-GDP and change of reserve money-to-GDP ratio. The equation for external debt dynamics also uses two components for the assessment of external debt sustainability, namely, current account balance-to-exports ratio and differential of exports growth and interest rate. The significance of the approach used in the current study lies in the fact that in case of evaluation of countries’ debt sustainability, it is quite necessary to monitor debt trends along with emerging domestic and external vulnerabilities and systemic risks that threaten debt sustainability. This phenomenon has been captured through debt dynamics approach, which is used in the current study. The results are based on the estimation of two equations, namely, debt dynamics equation for overall public debt sustainability and debt dynamics equation for external debt sustainability. The results of the study indicate that primary budget deficit and current account deficit have played a significant role in the accumulation of public debt and external debt, respectively in Pakistan and India. The study concludes that public debt and external debt of Pakistan and India are sustainable but in a weak form.

Suggested Citation

  • Khurram Ejaz Chandia & Sania Riaz & Attiya Y. Javid & Muhammad Badar Iqbal & Mariam Azam & Ifra Gul, 2019. "Assessment of Public and External Debt Sustainability Using Debt Dynamics Equation Approach: A Comparative Study of Pakistan and India," Millennial Asia, , vol. 10(1), pages 25-55, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:millen:v:10:y:2019:i:1:p:25-55
    DOI: 10.1177/0976399619825688
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Benjamin Musiita & Fredrick Nsambu Kijjambu & Asaph Kabuura Katarangi & Geoffrey Kahangane & Sheilla Akampwera, 2023. "Uganda’s Debt Sustainability: Testing The Efficacy of Debt Overhang Theory," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 15(4), pages 37-54.
    3. Bhanu Pratap Singh & Sujit Kumar, 2024. "Public Debt and Economic Growth in India: The New Evidence," Millennial Asia, , vol. 15(3), pages 429-446, September.

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