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Gendered Conflict, Gendered Outcomes: The Politicization of Sexual Violence and Quota Adoption

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  • Mattias Agerberg
  • Anne-Kathrin Kreft

Abstract

Sexual violence (SV) in conflict is increasingly politicized at both the international and domestic levels. Where SV in conflict is prevalent, we argue international actors perceive gender to be salient and push for a gendered response. Simultaneously, women mobilize politically in response to the threat to their security that conflict-related SV constitutes, making demands for greater representation in politics with the goal of improving societal conditions for themselves. Jointly, we theorize the pressures from above and below push governments in conflict-affected states toward adopting gender policies. We test this theoretical framework in the case of gender quota adoption. We find that states with prevalent wartime SV indeed adopt gender quotas sooner and at higher rates than states experiencing other civil conflicts and than states experiencing no conflict in the same period. These gender quotas, we further show, are not mere window dressing but actually increase women’s legislative representation.

Suggested Citation

  • Mattias Agerberg & Anne-Kathrin Kreft, 2020. "Gendered Conflict, Gendered Outcomes: The Politicization of Sexual Violence and Quota Adoption," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 64(2-3), pages 290-317, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jocore:v:64:y:2020:i:2-3:p:290-317
    DOI: 10.1177/0022002719859651
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mayra Buvinic & Monica Das Gupta & Ursula Casabonne & Philip Verwimp, 2013. "Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality: An Overview," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 28(1), pages 110-138, February.
    2. Towns, Ann E., 2012. "Norms and Social Hierarchies: Understanding International Policy Diffusion “From Below”," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 66(2), pages 179-209, April.
    3. Moravcsik, Andrew, 2000. "The Origins of Human Rights Regimes: Democratic Delegation in Postwar Europe," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 54(2), pages 217-252, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kikuta,Kyosuke, 2023. "More Equality for Women Does Mean Less War: Descriptive Representation, Legislative Votes, and International Conflict," IDE Discussion Papers 904, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).
    2. Belén González & Richard Traunmüller, 2024. "The political consequences of wartime sexual violence: Evidence from a list experiment," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 61(6), pages 1035-1050, November.

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