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The Effect of Unions on the Employment of Blacks, Hispanics, and Women

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  • Jonathan S. Leonard

Abstract

To investigate whether unions have helped or hindered the employment prospects of minorities and women, the author analyzes data on 1,273 California manufacturing plants for the period 1974–80. The main finding is that, with the exception of Hispanic females, unions have not been a significant impediment to minority or female blue-collar employment. In the case of black males, the employment share has increased significantly faster in union than in nonunion plants. Despite seniority provisions that might be expected to reduce minority and female employment during recessions such as those in 1974 and 1979, minorities and women as a bloc increased their share of union employment from 1974 to 1980. The author concludes that unions have not generally hindered the employment growth of minorities and women.

Suggested Citation

  • Jonathan S. Leonard, 1985. "The Effect of Unions on the Employment of Blacks, Hispanics, and Women," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 39(1), pages 115-132, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:ilrrev:v:39:y:1985:i:1:p:115-132
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    Cited by:

    1. Dex S., 1992. "Costs of discriminating against migrant workers : an international review," ILO Working Papers 992869403402676, International Labour Organization.
    2. David Weil, 2004. "Individual Rights and Collective Agents. The Role of Old and New Workplace Institutions in the Regulation of Labor Markets," NBER Chapters, in: Emerging Labor Market Institutions for the Twenty-First Century, pages 13-44, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. David Weil, 2003. "Individual Rights and Collective Agents: The Role of Old and New Workplace Institutions in the Regulation of Labor Markets," NBER Working Papers 9565, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Thomas Hyclak & Larry Taylor & James Stewart, 1992. "Some new historical evidence on the impact of affirmative action: Detroit, 1972," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 21(2), pages 81-98, December.
    5. Richard B. Freeman & Jonathan S. Leonard, 1985. "Union Maids: Unions and the Female Workforce," NBER Working Papers 1652, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

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