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The Effect of Urban Form and Residential Cooling Energy Use in Sacramento, California

Author

Listed:
  • Yekang Ko

    (School of Urban and Public Affairs, University of Texas at Arlington, 511 University Hall, Box 19588, Arlington, TX 76019, USA)

  • John D Radke

    (Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, University of California, Berkeley, 201 Wurster Hall #2000, Berkeley, CA 94720-2000, USA)

Abstract

The impact of urban form on residential space-conditioning energy use has been controversial in recent planning literature. This study empirically evaluates the association between urban form and residential energy use, focusing particularly on residential electricity use for space cooling in the City of Sacramento, California. We characterize urban form, property conditions, and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics by applying spatial metrics embedded within a geographic information system where LiDAR data effectively include each building and the surrounding vegetation. A statistical model is applied to assess the relationship between these explanatory variables and the estimated summer air-conditioning energy use. Controlling for other variables, higher population density, east—west street orientation, higher green space density, larger vegetation on the east, south, and especially the west sides of houses, appears to have statistically significant effects on reducing summer cooling energy use. This study quantifies the built environment impact on the energy demand of air conditioning and informs planners as they craft urban planning and design policies for energy conservation.

Suggested Citation

  • Yekang Ko & John D Radke, 2014. "The Effect of Urban Form and Residential Cooling Energy Use in Sacramento, California," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 41(4), pages 573-593, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirb:v:41:y:2014:i:4:p:573-593
    DOI: 10.1068/b12038p
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dora L. Costa & Matthew E. Kahn, 2010. "Why Has California's Residential Electricity Consumption Been So Flat since the 1980s?: A Microeconometric Approach," NBER Working Papers 15978, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Kaza, Nikhil, 2010. "Understanding the spectrum of residential energy consumption: A quantile regression approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(11), pages 6574-6585, November.
    3. Overmars, Koen P. & Verburg, Peter H., 2006. "Multilevel modelling of land use from field to village level in the Philippines," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 89(2-3), pages 435-456, September.
    4. Akbari, Hashem & Taha, Haider, 1992. "The impact of trees and white surfaces on residential heating and cooling energy use in four Canadian cities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 141-149.
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    1. Zhang, Xingxing & Lovati, Marco & Vigna, Ilaria & Widén, Joakim & Han, Mengjie & Gal, Csilla & Feng, Tao, 2018. "A review of urban energy systems at building cluster level incorporating renewable-energy-source (RES) envelope solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 1034-1056.

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